WELCOME TO BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

WELCOME TO BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH CAMBRIAN COLLEGE

Objectives To be introduced with the common necessary topics, terms, structures as well as the summary of the Grammar

***Class No – 11 The Articles What is an Article? ‡h m. Kj kã Øviv †Kvb Noun/Noun Phrase †K wbw`©ó ev Awbw`©ó K‡i †ev. Sv‡bv nq Zv‡K Article ejv nq| ev A, An I The †K Bs‡i. Rx‡Z Article ejv nq|

Articles are of two kinds. Article Definite Article A, An Indefinite Article The

What is an Indefinite Article? †h Article Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi Awbw`©óZv cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡K Indefinite Article e‡j| A I An n†jv Indefinite Article.

What is an Definite Article? †h Article Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi wbw`©óZv cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡K Definite Article e‡j| The n†jv Definite Article.

Indefinite Article emv‡bvi wbqg 1. Awbw`©ó, Singular, Countable Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi c~‡e© Indefinite Article e‡m| Examples a. I bought a pen. b. I saw an old man.

2. Vowel ( a, e, i, o, u ) Øviv ïiæ n. Iqv Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi D³ Vowel w. Ui D”Pvi. Y ÒBDÓ ev ÒIqvÓ bv n‡j D³ Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi c~‡e© an e‡m w. Kš‘ D³ Vowel w. Ui D”Pvi. Y ÒBDÓ ev ÒIqvÒ n‡j Vowel n. Iqv m‡Ë¡I an bv e‡m a ‡m| Examples a. Ovi bought an orange. b. I saw a one eyed man.

3. Consonant ( Vowel Qvov Ab¨ 26 w. U e. Y© ) Øviv ïiæ n. Iqv Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi D³ Consonant w. Ui D”Pvi. Y ÒqÓ bv n‡j D³ Noun ev Noun hrase Gi c~‡e© a e‡m w. Kš‘ D³ Consonant w. Ui D”Pvi. Y ÒqÓ n‡j Consonant n. Iqv m‡Ë¡I a bv e‡m an e‡m| ( ïay Òh” Gi D”Pvi. Y †ÿÎwe‡kl ÒqÓ| Examples a. I saw a horse. b. Rony is an honest boy

4. wkÿv. MZ †hv. M¨Zvi w. Ww. MÖ ev †ckv. MZ c‡`i Abbreviated form _v. K‡j D³ Abbreviated form w. U D”Pvi. Y Kivi mgq ev. Kh‡š¿ Vowel Sound D”Pvwi. Z n‡j Dnvi c~‡e© an e‡m| jÿYxq †h Abbreviated form w. U mshy³xq iv‡óªi ev ms¯’v&i R‡b¨ n‡j a ev an bv e‡m the e‡m| Examples a. My brother is an M. A. b. Her sister is a B. A.

Definite Article emv‡bvi wbqg 1. wbw`©ó Noun ev Noun Phrase ( Singular, Plural, Countable ev Uncountable hv. B †nv. K bv †Kb ) Definite Article Òthe” e‡m| Examples a. I bought a bag. The bag was nice. b. Water is essential for life. The water of this pond is contaminated.

2. gnvwe‡k¦ GKw. UB Av‡Q Ggb Noun ev Noun Phrase Gi c~‡e© the e‡m| G¸‡jv mvavi. YZ P›`ª, m~h©, MÖn, bÿÎ, Qvqvc_ cÖf…w. Z| Examples The sun, The earth, The sky, The moon, The mily way.

3. b`x, Dcmv. Mi, gnvmv. Mi, n «`, ce©Z‡kªYx, `xccyÄ, giæf~wg, gvjf~wg, Rvnv. R, †ij. Mvwo, wegvb, gnv. Kvkhvb, AÆvwj. Kv, †nv‡Uj, hv`y. Ni, we. L¨v. Z NUbv, Hw. Znvwm. K NUbv, we. L¨v. Z hy×, Rvw. Z ( man, woman Qvov ), m¤úª`vq, cweÎ ag©MÖš’, gnv. Kve¨, msev`cÎ, w`K, iv¯Ív /Road ( street ev avenue Qvov ), POP Group, Choir, Orchestra, Restaurant , Cinema, Hall, Theatre hall, cÖf…w. Zi c~‡e© the e‡m| Examples The Illiad, The Tajmahal, The Battle Palasey, The Padma,

4. Read and learn a) She is the best girl in the class. b) Ovi was the best of all. c) Badal runs the fastest of all boys in the village. d) It burns the prettiest of any wood. e)You are the better of the two girls. f) The rich are not always happy. g) The pious are respected by all. h)I bought cloths by the feat. i) He sells sugar by the kg. j) The army were called for punishment