Week 6 1118 1122 Warm Up Mon 1118

Week #6 (11/18 -11/22) Warm Up – Mon, 11/18: - Muscular System Pre-Test Anatomy Fun Fact: Eye muscles are one of the busiest muscles in your body. Scientists believe they move more than 100, 000 times a day! Agenda: 1. Pick up: ØMuscles to Identify PPT notes ØMuscular System notes Part 1 ØMuscular System Pre. Test ØBox of crayons ØMr. Muscle Man diagram ØA colored pencil ØMuscle Tissue Comparison wkst ØMuscle Review wkst Begin Muscular System Homework: -Identification of Quiz #1 Skeletal Muscles -Naming Skeletal Muscles -Structure & Function -Comparing 3 types of muscle tissue 1. 2. Ch. 10 Tour – Tues, 11/19 Muscles Quiz #1 – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21

THOSE WHO NEED TO MAKE UP THE APPENDICULAR & JOINTS EXAM: • Per. 3: – Irelan – Megan • Per. 4: – – – Justin Michael KJ Jimmy Andie • Per. 5: – Jose – Sydney • Per. 6: – Yadira – Sam – Kahri • Please plan on coming in to any of my Office Hours THIS WEEK: – BEFORE school Mon-Fri (6: 457: 15 a. m. ) – Mon & Wed @ lunch – You will need about 40 -50 mins to complete the Exam!

Learning Scales: 4 – “Could Teach It” Confident = smiley face 3 – Mastery; Confident = check mark 2 – Need a refresher = star 1 – Hmmm… = question mark 0 – Never Head of It = question mark Muscular System Pre -Test QUIETLY & INDIVIDUALLY complete the Muscular System Pre-Test by using the KEY (colors & symbols) in the Pre-Unit column. Remember…be HONEST! This is your Study Guide for this Unit! When finished, put your Muscular System Pre. Test in your Learning Scales/Goals & Pre-Tests section of your Anatomy Ntbk. Return the crayons to the box & the box to the light blue cubbie. Thanks!

Power. Point® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Muscular System 6 PART A Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Add this SLIDE to your notes! Very important!!! Latin Roots/Prefixes/Suffixes to KNOW! • • • Myo/mys – muscle Fila – thread Epi – on Endo – in Peri – around Sarco – flesh Syn – together Bi – 2 Tri – 3 Quad – 4 Add – towards • • • Orb – circular Ora – mouth/spoken Oculi – eye Micro/mini – small Max – large Cardia – related to heart Neuro – nervous, neural Trans – across/over Iso – same Metr – distance Ton - stretch

Skeletal Muscle Functions • • Produce movement Maintain posture Stabilize joints Generate heat

Muscles & Body Movements • Movement is attained due to a muscle moving an attached bone • Muscles are attached to at least 2 points – Origin • Attachment to immoveable bone – Insertion • Attachment to movable bone

Types of Muscles • Prime mover—muscle with major responsibility for a certain movement • Antagonist—muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover • Synergist—muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement & helps prevent rotation • Fixator—stabilizes origin of a prime mover

Naming Skeletal Muscles • By direction of muscle fibers – Examples • Rectus (straight) • Transverse (horizontal) • Oblique (angle) • By relative size of the muscle – Examples • Maximus (largest) • Minimus (smallest) • Longus (longest) • By location of the muscle – Examples • Temporalis (temporal bone) • Occipitalis (occipital bone) • By number of origins – Examples • Triceps (3 heads) • Biceps (2 heads) • Quadriceps (4 muscles in group)

Naming Skeletal Muscles • By location of the muscle’s origin & insertion – Example • Sternocleidomastoid (on the sternum) • By action of the muscle – Examples • Flexor (flexes a bone) • Extensor (extends a bone) • Abductor (abducts a limb) • Adductor (adducts a limb) • By shape of the muscle – Examples • Deltoid (triangular) • Trapezius (trapezoid)

Superficial Muscles: Anterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Anterior Muscles: -Orbicularis oris -Pectoralis major -External oblique -Adductor group -Vastus medialis

Superficial Muscles: Posterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Posterior Muscles: -Adductor group -Gluteus maximus -Gastrocnemius

Naming Skeletal Muscles Review • Identify 1 skeletal muscle we have learned that is named for… – Its relative size? • Gluteus maximus – Its location on the body? • Latissimus dorsi – Its shape? • Orbicularis oris – The number of origins? • Biceps brachii – The direction of muscle fibers? • External obliques

Have out your Muscle Tissue Comparison checklist… 3!

The Muscular System • Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement • 3 muscle types are found in the body – Skeletal muscle • Attached to bone & skin • Produce movement, stabilize joints, provide posture & generate heat – Cardiac muscle • Walls of the heart • Protect the heart & produce contractions of the heart walls – Smooth muscle • Walls of hollow visceral (i. e, stomach) organs (except heart) • Protect organs & produce slow contractions

Comparison of Skeletal, Cardiac & Smooth Muscles

Characteristics of Muscles • All muscles share some terminology – myo & mys refer to “muscle” – sarco refers to “flesh” • Skeletal & smooth muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber) • Contraction of muscles is due to the movement (pulling together) of microfilaments (micro = “small”; fila = “thread”)

Smooth Muscle Characteristics Lacks striations Spindle-shaped cells Single nucleus Involuntary—no conscious control • Contractions happen very slowly • Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs • • – Stomach, urinary bladder, respiratory passages

Cardiac Muscle Characteristics Striations Usually has a single nucleus Branching cells Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc • Involuntary • Contractions happen slowly • Found only in the heart • •

Let’s look at our Muscle Tissue Comparison checklist… Skeletal Muscle Characteristics • • • Most are attached by tendons to bones Cells are multinucleated Striated—have visible banding Voluntary—subject to conscious control Contractions happen slow to fast Muscles are either contracted or relaxed – Contracted the muscle exerts pulling force = muscle shortens – Since muscles can only pull (not push), they work in pairs (antagonistic muscles) • Example: Biceps & Triceps – Muscle that bends joint is called the flexor muscle – Muscle that straightens joint is called the extensor muscle

EXAMPLE

Closing Activity Comparing 3 Muscles Tissues wkst • Work INDIVIDUALLY on the wkst using the notes we just discussed!

Week #6 (11/18 -11/22) Warm Up – Tues, 11/19: - Web of Life article Anatomy Fun Fact: There are muscle cells in the longest body muscle (Sartorius) which are more than a foot in length. Agenda: 1. Identify Muscle Quiz #2 Muscles 2. Continue Muscular System notes - Connective Tissue Wrappings & Layers of Muscles Turn in: ØCh. 10 Tour Have out: ØMuscular System notes Part 1 ØMr. Muscle Man Pick up: ØA colored pencil (different than yesterday’s) ØWeb of Life article & questionnaire ØConnective Tissue Wr. of Sk. Mus. diagram ØAnatomy Muscular System Review packet Homework: 1. 2. 3. Muscles Quiz #1 – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21 Web of Life article wkst – Fri, 11/22 Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon, 11/25

THOSE WHO NEED TO MAKE UP THE APPENDICULAR & JOINTS EXAM: • Per. 3: – Irelan – Megan • Per. 4: – – – Justin Michael KJ Jimmy Andie • Per. 5: – Jose – Sydney • Per. 6: – Yadira – Sam – Kahri • Please plan on coming in to any of my Office Hours THIS WEEK: – BEFORE school Mon-Fri (6: 457: 15 a. m. ) – Mon & Wed @ lunch – You will need about 40 -50 mins to complete the Exam!

The Web of Life • Read quietly through the article about the connective tissue known as fascia, “The Web of Life” (please do NOT write on the article copy). • Reciprocal teaching activity? ? ? • QUESTIONNAIRE: – Answer the questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES on your questionnaire. – Due Fri, 11/22

Superficial Muscles: Anterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Anterior Muscles: -Sternocleidomastoid -Biceps brachii -Deltoid -Vastus lateralis -Transverse abdominis

Superficial Muscles: Posterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Posterior Muscles: -Latissimus dorsi -Deltoid -Semitendinosus

Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Tendons—cordlike structures – Mostly collagen fibers – Attach muscle belly to bone Figure 6. 1

Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue – Fascia—tough connective tissue, outside of the epimysium of the muscle belly, that creates a 3 -D web around every muscle Figure 6. 1

Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue – Epimysium—covers the entire skeletal muscle (muscle belly) Figure 6. 1

Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue – Perimysium—wraps around a fascicle (bundle) of muscle fibers Figure 6. 1

Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue – Endomysium—encloses a single muscle fiber Figure 6. 1

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle • Sarcolemma— specialized plasma membrane that surrounds a myofibril • Myofibrils—long organelles inside muscle cell

NOT HERE - Wed Week #6 (11/18 -11/22) Warm Up – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21: - Biomechanics wksts – Part A & B Anatomy Fun Fact: Muscles in the middle of the ear are the smallest muscles present in the human body. Agenda: 1. Muscles Quiz #1 2. Bionics article, prompt & writing response 3. Muscular System Review Packet (in class review) Have out: ØMusc. Sys. Rev. Packet Pick up: ØBiomechanics Part A & B wkst ØRuler Ø 3 different colored pencils ØMuscle Structure diagram Homework: 1. 2. 3. Web of Life article wkst – Fri, 11/22 Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon, 11/25 Muscular Sys. Rev. packet – Wed, 11/27

Biceps Biomechanics Part B • Using the information from last week’s Biomechanics warmup, the picture to the right & the wkst/ ruler, complete Biceps Biomechanics Part B. • Return your rulers to the bin when finished!

Muscles to Identify Quiz #1 • Pick up 1 colored pencil (ALL muscles will be color-code with 1 color). • QUIETLY take the quiz & turn it in to the Hmwk Bin when finished.

National Geographic: Bionics • Read through the article “Bionics” (read -around, partners, solo? ). • You may annotate the article as you please (symbols, writing in margins, highlighting). • Prompt: “We are giving people tools. They are better than what previously existed. But they are still crude, like a hammer, compared with the complexity of the human body. They can’t hold a candle to Mother Nature. ” – Using your knowledge of the interdependence of organ systems in the human body & how skeletal muscle is organized & using direct information about bionics in the article, discuss why this quote is so truthful. – 3 -paragraph response (opening, body, closing) • Bionics - Photo Gallery

The Web of Life • QUESTIONNAIRE: – Answer the questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES on your questionnaire. – Due Fri, 11/22

Week #6 (11/18 -11/22) Warm Up – Fri, 11/22: Have out: Anatomy Fun Fact: Turn in: - Organization of Skeletal Muscle Review As the body gets cold, heat is generated due to shivering which causes rapid muscle contractions. ØMr. Muscle Man ØA colored pencil (different than other 2 colors) ØSk. Muscle diagram ØWeb of Life article wkst Homework: 1. 2. Agenda: 1. Identify Muscles for Quiz #3 2. Review: Play Doh Muscles Activity 3. Bionics article & writing (in class time) 3. 4. 5. Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon, 11/25 Muscular Sys. Rev. packet – Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27 Bionics writing response (if not finished in class) – Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27 Muscles Quiz #3 – Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27 Muscle System Quiz #1 (Structure, Function & Organization) – Tues, 12/3

Skeletal Muscle Organization B (wrapping) D (wrapping) A (structure) C (structure) E (wrapping) F (structure) G (structure) Name the following structures & connective tissue wrappings of skeletal muscle.

Superficial Muscles: Anterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Anterior Muscles: -Frontalis -Rectus femoris -Sartorius -Gracilis -Masseter -Rectus abdominis

Superficial Muscles: Posterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Posterior Muscles: -Soleus -Biceps femoris -Triceps brachii

REVIEW of SKELETAL MUSCLE STRUCTURE: Play Doh Activity • Using the 4 colors of modeling clay, develop a mini replica of skeletal muscle, including… – – 1 muscle belly At least 3 fascicles At least 3 muscle fibers within each fascicle At least 3 myofibrils within each muscle fiber Muscle belly Fascicles Muscle fibers Myofibrils

National Geographic: Bionics • Read through the article “Bionics” (read -around, partners, solo? ). • You may annotate the article as you please (symbols, writing in margins, highlighting). • Prompt: “We are giving people tools. They are better than what previously existed. But they are still crude, like a hammer, compared with the complexity of the human body. They can’t hold a candle to Mother Nature. ” – Using your knowledge of the interdependence of organ systems in the human body & how skeletal muscle is organized & using direct information about bionics in the article, discuss why this quote is so truthful. – 3 -paragraph response (opening, body, closing) • Bionics - Photo Gallery