Week 3 Cranium Fall 2011 1 Cranium 1

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Week 3: Cranium Fall 2011 1

Week 3: Cranium Fall 2011 1

Cranium 1. PA Axial n n 2. ________________ AP Axial n _________ 2

Cranium 1. PA Axial n n 2. ________________ AP Axial n _________ 2

Positioning PA Axial: _____ n Central ray n n _____ caudal Exits ______ 3

Positioning PA Axial: _____ n Central ray n n _____ caudal Exits ______ 3 Copyright © 2003, Mosby, Inc.

Trauma PA Axial: Caldwell n n _____ caudad exit _______ 4 Copyright © 2003,

Trauma PA Axial: Caldwell n n _____ caudad exit _______ 4 Copyright © 2003, Mosby, Inc.

PA Axial : Caldwell Radiographs n Entire skull with no rotation or tilt n

PA Axial : Caldwell Radiographs n Entire skull with no rotation or tilt n Petrous ridges ___________ n Density and contrast are sufficient n No motion n ____in center of film, close collimation Copyright © 2003, Mosby, Inc. 5

Common PA projections Skull 25 – 30 caudal 0 degrees 15 degree caudal Frontal

Common PA projections Skull 25 – 30 caudal 0 degrees 15 degree caudal Frontal bone Caldwell Rotundum foramina, Superior orbital fissures 6

Similarities and Differences n n n Exit________ Require close collimation n Position of ______

Similarities and Differences n n n Exit________ Require close collimation n Position of ______ is perpendicular to plane of IR n Best _________ n Body position n Where the CR enters All axials have ________angles Respiration suspended 7

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PA (axial) Projections—Three Variations 15° Caldwell 0° PA 9 30° PA

PA (axial) Projections—Three Variations 15° Caldwell 0° PA 9 30° PA

Positioning: AP Axial CR directed at nasion_________ 10

Positioning: AP Axial CR directed at nasion_________ 10

AP Axial Radiograph n Entire skull with no rotation or tilt n Petrous ridges

AP Axial Radiograph n Entire skull with no rotation or tilt n Petrous ridges in _____________ n Density and contrast are sufficient n No motion n _______in center of film, close collimation n Image is _________ compared to PA 11 Copyright © 2003, Mosby, Inc.

Image Critique 12

Image Critique 12

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