Week 1 Introductory phrases and clauses more Using

Week 1 Introductory phrases and clauses + more Using “Happy” by Pharrell Williams

Grammar Lesson: Independent and Dependent Clauses Independent Clause An independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. An independent clause is a sentence. Example: Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz. Dependent Clause A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause cannot be a sentence. Often a dependent clause is marked by a dependent marker word. Example: When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz. . . (What happened when he studied? The thought is incomplete. )

Grammar Lesson: Introductory words (transitions & names) and Introductory clauses (dependent clauses) need commas after them IF they appear before the independent clause in the sentence. An independent clause will have a subject (normally a noun) and predicate (a verb) and will be a complete thought. Examples: Independent clause (complete Introductory clauses (dependent clauses) sentence) (fragments) Subject in blue, predicate in green, and completion of the thought is underlined. I like to listen to loud music. Introductory words/Transitions Bill, will you please play that song again? Furthermore, I would like a higher volume. These will most likely begin with prepositions or adverbs such as: although, because, though, after, before, if, until, etc. Before you play that song, [understood you] please tell me the artist. Though I’ve never heard of him, I like his sound. Note: If these phrases come AFTER the independent clause, they do not need a comma. [Understood You] Please tell me the artist before you play that song. I like his sound though I’ve never heard of him.

Link to song #Mentor. Sentence. Monday Sunshine, she is here, so you can take a break. Why does “sunshine” have a comma after it? Find the two independent clauses in this sentence. What makes this a well-written sentence?

#Transform. It. Tuesday Link to song Because I’m happy I feel like a room without a roof. Correct: Because I’m happy, I feel like a room without a roof. Grammar Rule: You must add commas after introductory clauses and phrases IF they are in front of the independent clause. Notice that it doesn’t need a comma after flipping it around: I feel like a room without a roof because I’m happy. Compound/Complex: Because I’m happy, I feel like a room without a roof, and nothing can hold me down. 1. Transform this sentence into a correct sentence by adding punctuation. 2. After correcting the sentence, add a comma conjunction plus another COMPLETE sentence to the end of this corrected sentence to transform it into a compound/complex sentence.

#Write. About. It. Wednesday Link to song Write a paragraph of 5 sentences using 5 vocabulary words. Include one sentence with an introductory clause that begins with an adverb: although, because, though, after, before, if, until, etc.

#Test. Prep. Thursday 1. Whenever I’m feeling happy, here comes the bad news. However I should probably warn you that I will be just fine. A. No change B. Remove the comma after happy C. Add a comma after you D. Add a comma after however D. Because “However” is an introductory word. All introductory words need a comma. 2. Nothing can bring me down because my level is too high. If you feel like happiness is the truth, will be just fine. A. No change B. Add a comma after down C. Add a subject to make the 2 nd sentence a complete sentence D. Remove the comma before will C. Because “Will be just fine” nor “If you feel like happiness is the truth” are complete sentences. You can’t have an introductory clause paired with an incomplete sentence.

#Figures. Of. Speech. Friday Because I’m happy, I feel like a room without a roof. Simile: the comparison of one thing to another thing of a different kind using like or as to make the description more vivid. Link to song Sunshine, she is here, so you can take a break. Personification: Giving inanimate objects human characteristics. 1. Decide which figure of speech is being used in each clause. 2. Decipher the deeper meaning of each sentence.