Web Semantization Martin Kruli by Martin Kruli v

Web Semantization Martin Kruliš by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 1

Web Semantization Affiliation Name E-mail Job Group membership by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 2

Web Semantization � Machine-readable Web Annotations ◦ HTML provides structural information �How the data are nested or related �How the data should be visualized ◦ Semantic metadata can specify, what is the meaning of the web page contents �Emphasizing information that could be automatically processed by search engines or browsers �E. g. , names, postal addresses, date/time information, entity relations (person affiliated with institution), … by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 3

Microformats � Microformats (μF) ◦ Use existing HTML attributes to include the semantic information into a web page �class – CSS classes of predefined names �rel – relationship of a target link in <a> element �rev – reverse relationship ◦ Vocabularies for various specific domain exist �h. Card – contact information �h. Calendar – calendar events �h. Resume – personal resumes and CVs �… by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 4

Microformats � Example <ul class="vcard"> <li class="fn">Martin Kruliš</li> <li class="org">Charles University in Prague</li> <li class="tel">+420 221 914 193</li> <li><a class="url" href="http: //www. ksi. mff. cuni. cz/~krulis/"> http: //www. ksi. mff. cuni. cz/~krulis/</a> </li> </ul> by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 5

Resource Description Framework � Resource Description Framework (RDF) ◦ Describes objects in triplets (subject-predicate-object expressions) �Used for conceptual modeling and knowledge manag. ◦ Can be saved in various formats (text, XML, …) � RDF in Attributes (RDFa) ◦ Use HTML/XML attributes that can carry metadata �about, rel, rev, src, href, resource, property, content, datatype, and typeof ◦ Vocabulary is bound to a XML namespace by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 6

Resource Description Framework � Example <div vocab="http: //xmlns. com/foaf/0. 1/"> <div resource="#krulis" typeof="Person"> <span property="name">Martin Kruliš</span> knows<a property="knows" href="#michelfeit">Jan</a> </div> <div resource="#michelfeit" typeof="Person"> <span property="name">Jan Michelfeit</span> </div> by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 7

HTML 5 Microdata � Microdata ◦ A new specification how to include metadata into HTML markup (using dedicated attributes) �itemscope – item is specified within this element �itemtype – URL of a vocabulary schema �itemprop – tag that annotates the content �… ◦ Vocabularies for various domains exist �schema. org schemas �Person, event, product, offer, … �Some microformat schemas can be used as well by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 8

HTML 5 Microdata � Example <section itemscope itemtype="http: //schema. org/Person"> Person: <span itemprop="name">Martin Kruliš</span> Job: <span itemprop="job. Title">assistant professor </span> Affiliation: <span itemprop="affiliation">Charles University in Prague</span> E-mail: <span itemprop="email">krulis@ksi. mff. cuni. cz </span> Web: <a href="http: //www. ksi. mff. cuni. cz/~krulis" itemprop="url">http: //www. ksi. mff. cuni. cz/~krulis</a> </section> by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 9

Google Rich Snipplets � Rich/Structure Snipplets ◦ Google-supported vocabulary for annotations ◦ Can be encoded in Microformat, RDFa, or Microdata ◦ Supports various domains �People, products, films, events, reviews, music, … ◦ The data are mapped to the knowledge graph �And displayed in the search engine by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 10

Discussion by Martin Kruliš (v 1. 1) 14. 1. 2016 11