Weathering Soil and Mass Wasting Chapter 4 Guided

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting Chapter 4: Guided Notes 1. 2. Print out in note form with 3 or 4 to a page. Do this by downloading Power. Point, opening it, clicking on File, clicking on Print What Handouts 3 to a page or 4 to a page (on a mac first click on pull down menu that gives option of powerpoint ) Use to guide your notes as you read, fill in and answer questions and add your own notes in the margins

Earth's external processes v. Weathering – __________________________ v. Mass wasting – the transfer of rock material downslope under the influence of gravity v. Erosion – the incorporation and transportation of material by _______________

Weathering v. Two kinds of weathering • Mechanical weathering • definition ___________ • Processes of mechanical weathering • ____ wedging: • Unloading: • ______ activity:

Explain this process Figure 4. 3

Explain this process Figure 4. 4 B

Weathering v Two kinds of weathering • Chemical weathering • Definition: ____________________________ • Most important agent is______ • Oxygen dissolved in water _____materials • Carbon dioxide (CO 2) dissolved in water forms _______and alters the material

Weathering v Two kinds of weathering • Chemical weathering • Weathering of granite • Weathering of potassium feldspar produces_______, soluble salt (potassium bicarbonate), and silica in solution • _____remains substantially unaltered • Weathering of silicate minerals produces insoluble iron oxides and clay minerals

Rates of weathering v Advanced mechanical weathering aids chemical weathering by___________ v Important factors • Rock characteristics • Mineral composition and solubility, as solubility increases, rate of weathering ________ • Physical features such as joints: as jointing increases, rate of weathering _____

Explain Figure 4. 2

Rates of weathering v Important factors • Climate • ______ and _____are the most crucial factors • Chemical weathering is most effective in areas of__________ • Mechanical weathering is most effective in areas of ___________

Rates of weathering v. Differential weathering • Caused by variations in__________ • Creates unusual and spectacular __________________ for example: ________

Explain this picture in terms of weathering Figure 4. 7 A

Soil v. An interface in the Earth system: explain: v. Soil is a combination of ______________, &________

What is this a pie chart of? Figure 4. 12

Soil v Soil texture and structure • Texture refers to the proportions of different particle sizes • Sand (large size) • Silt • ____(a mixture of all three sizes) is best suited for plant life

What is the name of a soil with 30% clay, 40% sand, 30% Silt? Figure 4. 13