wdr 2018 Rafael de Hoyos rafadehoyos 2 Remaining
- Slides: 27
#wdr 2018 Rafael de Hoyos @rafadehoyos
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Remaining inequities in access Percentage of youth (ages 15– 19) who have completed each grade (2012)
Percent of end-of primary students who meet a minimum proficiency threshold for learning in math? 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 High income countries Upper-middle income countries Lower-middle income Low income countries
High inequalities TERCE 2012 Proportions of students from the richest and poorest quintiles students scoring at each level at the end-of. Primary
Immediate causes of the learning crisis The Consequences of Learning Inequality in Latin America
Net secondary completion rates in selected LAC countries
Income Dimension 35% There are 20 million Ninis in Latin America, one in five youth (aged 15 to 24) 30% 30. 5% 28. 2% 25. 9% 60% of ninis 23. 2% 21. 2% 20% 18. 1% 14. 8% 15% 12. 0% 9. 4% 10% 6. 6% 5% 0% D 1 Source: de Hoyos, Rogers and Székely (2016) D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 Poorer D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10
1 percentage point in the share of ninis 15 to 20 years of age Source: de Hoyos, Rogers and Székely (2016) 7 percent in earnings 35 to 40 years of age
ENLACE 12 th Grade (2008, 2009, 2010) ENILEMS-ENOE survey (2010 III) Higher education, wages, employment (individuals aged 19, 20, 21) Source: de Hoyos, Estrada and Vargas (2018)
11% probability of entering university 1 SD in test scores in ENLACE 12 th grade 6% wages Source: de Hoyos, Estrada and Vargas (2018)
Immediate causes of the learning crisis The Causes of Learning Inequality
Immediate causes of the learning crisis
Skills Potential or normative benchmark Observed Students at risk Marginalized Households Grade 1 Grade 9 School Trajectory
Immediate causes of the learning crisis Non-deprived infant Infant exposed to high deprivation
Skills Potential or normative benchmark Observed Students at risk Marginalized Households Grade 1 Grade 9 Education systems uncappable of compensating School Trajectory
ENLACE Panel data with standardized test results for Mexico
Share of students finishing each grade and getting minimum learning 100 90 94 80 70 69 68 60 50 49 40 37 30 20 18 10 0 Grade 6 Grade 9 Very low marginalization Very high marginalization Grade 12
13% probability of finishing high school 1 SD in test scores in 6 th grade 0. 7 SD in test scores Source: de Hoyos, Estrada and Vargas (2018)
Immediate causes of the learning crisis The Role of Financing on Learning Inequality
Spending should be allocated equitably Education expenditure as a share of GDP
Spending should be allocated equitably
Spending should be allocated equitably Public expenditure in higher Education, by income decile
Immediate causes of the learning crisis Recommendations • Well targeted ECD programs, e. g. Chile and Colombia • Per capita + progressive resource allocation formula • Create incentives to have the best teachers in the most marginalized schools • Personalized instruction, e. g. ICT to “teach at the right level”
#wdr 2018 Rafael de Hoyos @rafadehoyos
- Raul hoyos gurrea
- De donde vengo proyecto de vida
- Que letra continua m v t m j
- Designs may be frozen with too many imperfections remaining
- Srtf and sjf
- Which was easier finding the remaining factor
- Divide remaining
- Concept development phase
- Shortest remaining time first scheduling
- Complete the scale by labeling the remaining tick marks
- Srr extension
- Initial tooth preparation stage
- Shortest remaining time (srt)
- Staying faithful to god in hard times
- Human act modifiers
- Dgp week 2
- Schimbarea la fata rafael
- Dr rafael santonja
- Rafael perera
- Que es el valor de la responsabilidad
- Atenska škola rafael
- Rafael maría baralt educación
- Rafael hernandez school website
- Aurelia rafael linares
- Organofosforados fisiopatologia
- Electromagnetismo
- Banghay ng isang kwento
- Rafael marti ciruelos