Wave Properties Types of Waves 1 Wave Wave

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Wave Properties & Types of Waves 1

Wave Properties & Types of Waves 1

Wave • Wave - Rhythmic disturbance that carries energy through matter and space •

Wave • Wave - Rhythmic disturbance that carries energy through matter and space • ALL WAVES CARRY ENERGY! • Pulse – one wave that travels through a medium • Continuous waves – waves that repeatedly move up and down 2

Transverse Waves • Transverse waves – matter in the medium moves back and forth

Transverse Waves • Transverse waves – matter in the medium moves back and forth at right angles to the direction that the wave travels. 3

Parts of a Transverse Wave • Crest – top of a wave • Trough

Parts of a Transverse Wave • Crest – top of a wave • Trough – bottom of a wave 4

Parts of a Transverse Wave • Amplitude – ½ the height of a wave

Parts of a Transverse Wave • Amplitude – ½ the height of a wave • Relates to the amount of energy carried by the wave 5

Parts of a Transverse Wave 6

Parts of a Transverse Wave 6

Parts of a Transverse Wave • Wavelength – the length of one cycle of

Parts of a Transverse Wave • Wavelength – the length of one cycle of a wave • Abbreviated by using the symbol, λ 7

Transverse Wave • Frequency – how many cycles (waves) are completed in a given

Transverse Wave • Frequency – how many cycles (waves) are completed in a given time (usually 1 second) 8

Compression/ Longitudinal Waves • Compressional waves – matter in the medium moves in the

Compression/ Longitudinal Waves • Compressional waves – matter in the medium moves in the same direction that the wave travels. Example: Sound waves 9

Parts of a compression wave Compression – the area where the particles are more

Parts of a compression wave Compression – the area where the particles are more dense 10

Parts of a compression wave Rarefaction – The less dense area of the wave

Parts of a compression wave Rarefaction – The less dense area of the wave 11

Parts of a compression wave Wavelength – One complete cycle of a wave 12

Parts of a compression wave Wavelength – One complete cycle of a wave 12

Surface Waves • both transverse & compressional; • examples: water waves, seismic waves 13

Surface Waves • both transverse & compressional; • examples: water waves, seismic waves 13

Medium • Most waves need something to travel on (or through) • The substance

Medium • Most waves need something to travel on (or through) • The substance through which a wave travels is a medium 14

Standing Waves • Appear to be standing still • Standing waves are caused by

Standing Waves • Appear to be standing still • Standing waves are caused by two waves continuously interfering with each other. 15

Types of Waves… 16

Types of Waves… 16

Reflection • The angle at which a ray strikes a surface is equal to

Reflection • The angle at which a ray strikes a surface is equal to the angle at which it is reflected 17

Reflection 18

Reflection 18

Reflection 19

Reflection 19

Reflection 20

Reflection 20

Reflection 21

Reflection 21

Period and Frequency • Period (T) – time it takes for one wave to

Period and Frequency • Period (T) – time it takes for one wave to pass • The unit of a period is the second (s) • Frequency (f) – the number of waves that pass each second • The unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz) 22

Formula 1 • Frequency = 1/ period • f = 1/T 23

Formula 1 • Frequency = 1/ period • f = 1/T 23

Formula 2 • Frequency = # waves / time • f = # waves

Formula 2 • Frequency = # waves / time • f = # waves / t 24

Formula 3 • Speed = frequency x wavelength • S = f x λ

Formula 3 • Speed = frequency x wavelength • S = f x λ 25

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