Washington Washington 10 000 year old glaciated land

Washington

Washington

10, 000 year old glaciated land th Nor s tain oun e. M e g al Ran cad Cas Coast Basalt lava Plateau

Rivers of Washington Excellent drainage patterns and a through-flowing river

No tin or iron Farm Land

Volcanoes in Washington http: //www. dnr. wa. gov/Publications/ger _ftg 1_yakima_valley_wine_country. pdf

Geological Provinces of Washington Northern Cascade Mountains Casc a de M ount ains Olympic Peninsula Volc anic Now to the continental glacier

Most Recent Continental Glaciation 100, 000 to 17, 000 years ago Notice that glaciers extend well out into the Pacific Ocean How did First Nation People get across Canada and into the USA and Mexico?

Igneous Rocks of Northern Washington Area of complex plutonic igneous and metamorphic rocks Igneous Rocks not along the Cascade Trend

And here Permian Rocks: 250 million years ago Not here But remember this one in Idaho and eastern Oregon & Washington

The Columbia Plateau Northern Cascades Columbia Plateau Multiple *Basalt lava flows High Willapa Hills Casca des plutonic & metamorphic rocks *Basalt lava flows: similar rock to Oceanic Crust

Columbia Plateau Basalt Lava Flow Multiple lava flows About 4 million years old Similar to oceanic crust What rocks were covered by the basalt?

Exotic subcontinents rafted in from the Pacific <100 million years old Nor t Con h Am er t 1– 2 inenta ican l bill ion Crust yea rs o ld The Source for the Lava Flows of Washington 4 million year old Columbia Basalt lava flows Cross Section Source area for basalt lavas

Permian Rocks: 250 million years ago Not here Source of the basalts of Oregon & Washington

Source of Lava Flows; SE Washington Younger Exotic Pacific terranes Oldest Exotic Pacific terrane North American Continental Crust 1– 2 billion years old On the British Columbia