WASH CLUSTER DEFENSE IRAQ 2016 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN

WASH CLUSTER DEFENSE │ IRAQ 2016 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN COORDINATOR: Annmarie Swai, UNICEF CO-COORDINATOR: Melissa Adoum, ACF

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES 2015 ACHIEVEMENTS First-Line Aim Immediate, life - saving and dignified WASH needs met for most vulnerable, critically affected Second-Line Aim Continued, improved and more equitable access to basic, appropriate and dignified WASH reaching more vulnerable, critically affected Full Response To ensure more sustainable, durable and equitable access to appropriate and Aim dignified WASH services for the most vulnerable, critically affected Indicator Baseline Target Achieved (by Sept 30) Access to a sufficient safe water supply 946, 754 2, 870, 457 2, 599, 921 (91%) Access to functional latrines 173, 564 880, 188 492, 395 (56%) Access to hygiene supplies (items/kits) 779, 885 1, 410, 376 1, 037, 984 (74%)

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES 2016 NEEDS: IDPs Outside of Camps and Highly at-risk in Host Communities § Over 91% of IDPs, major increase in 2015 § Difficult to reach (scatter), neglected, already vulnerable host communities § Subject to new, secondary, continuous and protracted displacement § Increased poverty, debt, reduced government allocations – conflict over resources. § WASH services already inadequate (public services), unsafe, unreliable, unaffordable STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES § SO 1: Reaching host, IDP communities with sequenced response as appropriate § SO 2: Connection to Public Systems, Coordination with Local Authorities/Communities; WASH services in institutions; § SO 4: Support to Public services (Institutional and communal level) § Need privacy, security, dignity for all users § Need to reinforce WASH facilities and services in schools, health § Need to reinforce, scale up emergency interventions; develop resilient services GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Country wide. Particularly severe in protracted (Dahuk, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Ninewa, Diyala) and new displacements (Anbar, Baghdad, Kirkuk, Salah al-Din)

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES 2016 NEEDS: IDPs in Camps § WASH package for new camps § O&M : initiated, sustained or reinforced (households and institutions) § Replace, upgrade or expand facilities to meet standards; cater for new influxes (households and institutions) § Reinforce linkage with CCCM § Strengthen Community and Government management structures and handover STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES • SO 1: Reaching IDPs with appropriate line response • SO 2: meeting standards to ensure dignity, empowerment of local management structures • SO 4: Ensure critical services are supported and retained § Stimulate ownership, proper use § Privacy, security, dignity for all users § Provision for winter and summer § Safely decommission old, outdated or unused facilities GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Initially in KRI, now huge increase in Ninewa, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad, Anbar

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES 2016 NEEDS: Highly at-risk in Difficult to Reach Areas § Highly mobile, smaller groups, scattered; access challenged by security § Require immediate, lifesaving WASH § Response should DO NO HARM and aim at reinforcing peoples’ dignity STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES § SO 1: Reaching as many as possible with first-line response, building partnership with local organizations (NGOs, communities). Cash as an option § Settlements are temporary or transitory – need efficient and cost-effectively delivery, systematic and safe decommissioning § Contingency capacity to respond is critical – dynamic numbers, mobile populations GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Anbar, Babylon, Erbil, Kirkuk, Ninewa, Salah al-Din

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES 2016 NEEDS: Returnees and Newly Accessible People § With continued military operations and expressed willingness to return, caseload will increase in 2016 § Service provision unstable, some infrastructure massively damaged § WASH systems require restoration, rehabilitation, and/or alternate energy supply until public electricity is restored § Capacity of authorities for O&M challenged by lack of financial and human resources, due to continued displacement STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES § SO 1: Addressing as possible within first and second-line response, including “remainees” § SO 3: Support the safe and voluntary returns, prepare for transition from Humanitarian to Stabilization phase § SO 4: Ensure critical services in return areas are reactivated and supported in the short term, with clear transition GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Ninewa, Salah al Din

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES 2016 NEEDS: Across all Caseloads § Solid waste management, safe desludging costly, unsustainable due to weak Government and system capacity § Safe final treatment and disposal of waste water not a national priority § Absence of reliable and safe WASH greatly increases vulnerability to disease and malnutrition eg: AWD, Cholera § Inadequate WASH puts women and children at particular risk of disease, violence, loss of dignity § Pressure on environmental resources in drought-prone, high density areas. Extreme weather brings additional needs

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES OVERVIEW OF 2016 PROJECTS AND REQUIREMENTS Original Value of all submissions (USD): $124, 011, 505 Value of Recommended Portfolio (USD): $84, 958, 227 * Original Number of projects: # of Projects in Recommended Portfolio: # of Total Partners in portfolio: # of National Partners in portfolio: # People Targeted: In # of Governorates: %age of Projects with Gender Marker Code of 2 (a or b): %age of Projects in KR-I: %age of Portfolio Budget in KR-I: 50 30 * 30 4 (+3) * 3, 101, 364 * 18 100% (2 a) 16% totally; 57% partially 36. 7% *

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES PEOPLE IN NEED AND TARGETED IDPS, IN CAMPS IDPS, NONCAMPS HOST COMMUNITY HARD TO REACH RETURNEES REFUGEES CURRENT NUMBER IN NEED 267, 516 2, 924, 790 3, 197, 052 3, 056, 651 374, 244 247, 352 PROJECTED UNTIL END 2016 270, 000 3, 500, 000 3, 200, 000 3, 000 800, 000 250, 000 CRITICALLY NEED OF WASH 270, 000 1, 569, 701 2, 665, 044 500, 000 400, 000 250, 000 TARGETED FOR ASSISTANCE 270, 000 1, 078, 345 893, 313 492, 943 369, 247 171, 148 TOTAL 10, 067, 605 51% W/47% C 11, 020, 000 50% W/47%C 5, 652, 261 51% W/46%C 3, 274, 996 51% W/46%C

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES PEOPLE IN NEED AND TARGETED • Based on DTM (August 2015), OCHA data; HNO analysis (September 2015). • Severity calculation based on: - # of IDPs indicating Water and Sanitation/Hygiene as primary need - # of IDPs in critical shelter conditions - % of IDP population within population - Qualitative adjustment for districts with severe conflict risk, highly populated etc. Refugees IDPs in 8% camps 8% Returnees 11% IDPs outside camps 31% Hard-toreach 19% Host Communitie s 23%

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES WHOLE OF IRAQ FOCUS Cluster Goal: provide a sequenced, comprehensive package of WASH services to emergency affected people in critical need across Iraq in support of the 2016 HRP strategic objectives SO 1 SO 2 SO 3 SO 4 SO 5 50% 10% 30% 0% Cluster Objectives: 1. Most vulnerable, emergency affected girls, boys, men and women have timely, equitable and sustainable access to a sufficient quantity of safe drinking and domestic water 2. Most vulnerable, emergency affected girls, boys, men and women have equitable access to gender and culturally appropriate sanitation and live in a healthy, hygienic environment 3. Most vulnerable, emergency affected girls, boys, men and women have equitable access to appropriate, core hygiene items, practice good personal and environmental hygiene

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES WHOLE OF IRAQ FOCUS CLUSTER SYNERGIES • Health - public health, institutions • Education and Child Protection – focus on children, in schools and CFS • Shelter - coordinated planning and strengthened infrastructure • CCCM – O&M, monitoring • Livelihoods and Multi Purpose Cash assistance – contribute to regain dignity and stimulate local economy • Social-cohesion: conflict prevention interventions, supporting host and remainees • Site-specific multi-cluster perspective

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES WHOLE OF IRAQ FOCUS § Prioritized targeting using adapted, efficient, appropriate response mechanisms § Provide rapid, timely humanitarian assistance country wide through: - First line WASH response, with stronger link to RRM - Prepositioning contingency stocks, capacities (cholera, displacements, sudden onset emergencies) - Supporting, deploying quick, mobile gap-filling teams § Prefer cash or voucher modalities, with WASH cluster and inter-cluster guidance § Prioritize integrated interventions to increase impact and coverage § For hard-to-reach populations: - Work through and with local NGOs and Authorities, Community and Religious Leaders - Provide tailored capacity building for targeted local partners - Invest in community-based resources and skills, empowering affected communities themselves - Support local government service provision, including multi-Governorate projects.

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES PROTECTION MAINSTREAMING § Build capacity of WASH service providers to mainstream protection in the response: - Cultivate a privileged link with Protection Cluster (GBV “Buddy”) Widely share specific guidelines, tools, context-specific experiences. Organize training on protection mainstreaming for WASH field teams Ensure as a Cluster Standard that interventions are developed in consultation with affected people, address specific needs and ensure impartial assistance (elderly, PLWD, Gender, Culture), target most vulnerable limiting marginalization and social tensions; § Avoid exposing people to further harm: - Ensure as a Cluster Standard quality, safe facilities (lighting, locks, privacy, gender segregation) and integration of “Do No Harm Approaches” - Enable capacity to monitor, address quality, safety issues through WASH Committees § Assist people claim their rights: - Train service providers, hygiene promoters, WASH committees to link affected populations to available complains mechanisms and protection referral pathways.

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES ACCOUNTABILITY TO AFFECTED POPULATIONS § Use community-based resources (WASH committees, community-based monitoring groups) in roles where they can affect decisions, therefore effectively and significantly involving the affected population at all levels of the response § Ensure two way communication to affected population during implementation (assessments, selection criteria, implementation approaches) strategy development (targets, minimum standards) so that they can give feedback, make informed decisions. § Enhance promotion of established UNOPS Call Center § Pilot, support local complementary complains mechanisms, based on preferred communication means of the communities and site-specific information.

IRAQ 2015 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES MINIMUM PACKAGE Address arising, and meet continued, critical, specific needs of targeted caseloads for: § Safe, sustained, equitable access to a sufficient quantity of water to meet basic drinking, domestic and personal hygiene needs, accounting for seasonal water needs § Adequate, safe and appropriate (culturally and gender and age sensitive) sanitation and waste management to ensure a healthy living environment § Critical hygiene items, promoting use to ensure personal hygiene, health, dignity, well-being Considers: § Cluster Minimum Humanitarian Standards § Immediate life-saving services, rehabilitation of essential infrastructures, minimising long term O&M costs, building capacity of primary service providers and local resources § Contribution to reducing social tensions, placing AAP at centre of response § Enabling those most at risk to realise basic rights (to water and education), safeguard health, protection § Advocacy on key issues

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES SEQUENCED RESPONSE FIRST-LINE RESPONSE Ensure immediate, life - saving, dignified access to WASH: Provide timely, urgent interventions to ensure basic, safe, critical service provision • All caseloads: Initial step in sequenced response, or only possible response in different areas • 0 to 3 months from onset of emergency FIRST-LINE RESPONSE—EXAMPLES OF KEY ACTIVITIES • Preposition contingency supplies • Conduct Rapid Needs Assessments and systematic PDM (involve, give feed back to affected populations) • Promote Call center and establish complimentary basic complain mechanisms • Distribute safe water (bottles, tankering); ensure water quality (chlorine, HWTS); install emergency water distribution systems • Provide mobile/reusable or install sanitation facilities; waste collection items; set-up waste collection mechanisms: quick protection, and decommissioning if possible, of unused facilities • Distribute critical hygiene items; disseminate key hygiene messages with basic IEC material • Provide first line services in Schools, CFS, Health facilities

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES SEQUENCED RESPONSE SECOND-LINE RESPONSE Ensure continued, improved, more equitable and dignified access to appropriate WASH: Improve coverage, meet basic standards, O&M and sustain services • IDPs in camps; Outside camps; Host Communities; Returnees/Newly Accessible • 0 to 9 months within response SECOND-LINE RESPONSE—EXAMPLES OF KEY ACTIVITIES • Assess, analyze WASH situation, discuss results with communities, refine response • Develop, empower local community/authorities response capacity • Reinforce, systematize, regularize community feedback mechanisms, ensure follow up • Quick fix restoration, improvement of water supply systems, provide supplies (pumps, generators), consumables and fuel; support water quality assurance • Quick fix restoration, repair, expansion of sanitation systems; recruit waste collectors; support municipal waste collection services, ensure safe final treatment and disposal of waste • Hygiene promotion through community structures; promote hygiene, resource conservation, appropriate usage; provide cash, hygiene vouchers or basic hygiene items • Enhance WASH services in institutions

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES SEQUENCED RESPONSE FULL-CLUSTER RESPONSE Ensure more sustainable, durable and equitable access to WASH services : Ensure quality services, humanitarian standards, sustained provision and O&M • IDPs in camps, Outside of camps, highly at Risk in Host Communities • 0 to 12 months within the response (as early as possible) • • FULL-CLUSTER RESPONSE—EXAMPLES OF KEY ACTIVITIES Assess and monitor WASH needs, services, resources; evaluate impact of response Handover service provision and O&M to government, community, stabilization or development actors, share and promote lessons learned • Medium scale restoration, extension, of water systems and sources; connect users to existing facilities or public networks • Medium scale restoration, extension, of sanitation systems; piloting of final waste disposal options, share results; • Promote environmental hygiene, resource conservation, O&M of facilities; Provide cash, hygiene vouchers or items • Safe decommissioning of outdated, old, unused facilities • Support duty bearers to support ad sustain WASH services in institutions

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES EXIT STRATEGY § Community engagement in service provision through WASH committees and users’ groups, including training in O&M, aiming at ultimately assume responsibility for management and delivery of community level services § Developing appropriate facilities at acceptable cost, easing O&M aiming at selfmanage WASH services with reduced support from CCCM and WASH agencies. § Establishing partnerships with national NGOs, strengthening their capacity to continue, expand scale-up WASH service delivery as autonomously as possible. § Building stronger linkages between Government and Stabilization and Development partners § Prepare hand-over to authorities

IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES Q&A