Warmup World Religions Cover Page Create a Cover

Warm-up: World Religions Cover Page Create a Cover Page to put on page 48 in your spiral. You may decorate it directly on page 48, or get a clean sheet of white paper that can be glued on Da a few symbols you may want page 48. Here are ois nism a i c m fu to include: Con Isla m Buddhism Christianity J sm i a ud Hi m ndui s

Major World Religions Judaism Christianity Islam Hinduism Buddhism Daoism Confucianism

Monotheistic Religions �Believe in One God

Judaism �World’s first monotheistic religion �Founded by Abraham around 2000 BCE in Israel �Jew’s believe in One God, Yahweh �They believe that if they do good things for their God, Yahweh that he will take special care of them, because the Jew’s are his chosen people.

Where do Jew’s Worship? �Synagogue/Templ e ◦ Not only a place to worship, but also to study and a used as a community center.

Important Days �Sabbath ◦ Weekly Holy Day, begins Friday and nightfall and lasts until Saturday at nightfall. ◦ It is a day of rest, so no chores, work, or shopping should be done �Passover ◦ Celebration to remember the Jewish children who were slaves in Egypt until Moses led them out and back home to Israel. �Rosh Hashanah ◦ Jewish New Year �Hanukkah ◦ Festival of Lights, usually celebrated in November or December

Holy Book � The Torah ◦ Written in Hebrew, the oldest Jewish language � Ten Commandments 1. I am the Lord your God who brought you out of slavery in Egypt. 2. You shall have no other gods but me. 3. You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God. 4. You shall remember and keep the Sabbath day holy. 5. Honor your father and mother. 6. You shall not murder. 7. You shall not commit adultery. 8. You shall not steal. 9. You shall not bear false witness against thy neighbor. 10. You shall not covet.

Practices �Eating Kosher ◦ Foods must follow the Jewish dietary laws �For example: "Among mammals, you may eat any that has cloven hooves and chews its cud. " Thus, cows are kosher and pigs are not. �Bar/Bat Mitzvah’s ◦ A big, lavish celebration that marks the arrival of adulthood to a Jewish boy or girl. �Usually celebrated at age 13 for boys and 12 for girls

Warm-up �Put the warm-up directly under your notes from yesterday with a mini heading including today’s date. You do not need to rewrite the objective, as it is the same as yesterday. �Why is it important that we study world religions? ◦ Come up with 5 reasons on your own, then discuss them with a neighbor

Christianity Background and Beliefs �Began in Israel in around 33 CE �Founded by Jesus of Nazareth �Today it is the largest religion in the world �There are many different forms, but all center around the basic belief that you are to know, love and serve the lord your God. �Follow the Golden Rule �Believe in one God- a trinity: ◦ Father ◦ Son ◦ Holy Spirit

Where do Christians Worship �Church or Cathedral ◦ Place to worship, study, and have community events

Important Days �Sabbath ◦ This stems from the Jewish tradition of the Sabbath, but switched from Saturday’s to Sunday, because the resurrection occurred on a Sunday ◦ It is the “Lord’s Day” and is to be devoted to worship and rest �Christmas ◦ Celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. Observed on December 25 th �Easter ◦ is a spring festival that celebrates the central event of the Christian faith: the resurrection of Christ three days after his death by crucifixion

Holy Book �Bible �Ten Commandments

Practices �Confession ◦ Usually done by Catholics to acknowledge their sins in front of a priest, so they then live a more godly life �Confirmation ◦ Ritual or rite of passage to strengthen ones relationship with God (done in several denominations) �Love one another ◦ Jesus said, "By this all will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another" (John 13: 35).

Different Denominations �Catholic �Orthodox �Lutheran �Baptist �Methodist �Presbyterian �Episcopalian

Islam Background and Beliefs � People who follow Islam are known as ◦ Muslims � 2 nd largest religion in the World � Over 1400 years old � Began in the city of Mecca ◦ In modern day Saudi Arabia (very close proximity to Israel) � Believe in One God-Allah ◦ God sent prophets to earth to help humans live right ◦ Jesus, Moses, and Abraham were very respected prophets ◦ Muhammad is the final prophet ◦ “Islam always existed”, however it was just revealed through Muhammad around 640 CE

Where do they Practice? �Mosque ◦ Remove shoes before entering ◦ Everyone sits on the floor ◦ Women sit separate from men

Important Days �Lailat al Qadr ◦ Night of power �The night Muhammad was revealed �Ramadan (this year it was in August) ◦ 9 th month in the Islamic calendar ◦ Fast between sun-up and sun-down ◦ It was the month the Qur’an was revealed

Holy Book �Qur’an ◦ Has 114 chapters ◦ Originally written in Arabic

Warm-up �Check to make sure you notebook is ready to go for a notebook check. I will do the check at the end of class today.

Practices � 5 Pillars of Islam ◦ These must be completed in order to live a good, responsible life �Recite the Muslim profession of faith �Pray 5 times a day �Give money or charity to the poor �Fast during the month of Ramadan �Make a pilgrimage to Mecca

Practices Continued �Women wear Hijabs ◦ Covering to practice modesty ◦ Must be worn in front of men they could theoretically marry

Practices Continued �Jihad ◦ Describes 3 different types of struggle �A believers internal struggle to live out the Muslim faith as well as possible �The struggle to build a good Muslim society �The Holy war �The struggle to defend Islam, with force if necessary

Key Differences in these 3 religions �Jews, Christians and Muslims all agree that Abraham is the founder of Monotheism �Muslims believe that Ishmael, the son of Abraham, was the one that Allah asked Abraham to sacrifice. �When Ishmael wondered into the desert, God appeared and promised to make him the father of a great nation. So he settled in Mecca and his descendants became Muslims.

Polytheistic Religions �Hinduism �Buddhism �Daoism �Confucianism

Hinduism �Began in India by the Aryan people after 1500 BCE �There is no known Founder

Sacred Writings �The Vedas ◦ A collection of hymns and religious ceremonies

Religious Practices �Reincarnation until gain enlightenment �Karma ◦ Do good, receive good �Dharma ◦ Individual obligation to respect social custom, civil law, and sacred law.

Rites or Ways of Worship �Yoga, meditation, worship (puja), devotion to a god or goddess �Class System ◦ ◦ ◦ Brahmins-priests Kshatriyas-warrior class Vaishyas-merchant/peasant class Shudrahs-labor class Chandalas-lowest class-impure ones

Buddhism �Founded by Siddharta Gautama (the Buddha) �Around 520 BCE in Northeast India

Sacred Writings �Four Noble Truths 1. Suffering exists 2. Suffering arises from attachment to desires 3. Suffering ceases when attachment to desire ceases 4. Freedom from suffering is possible by practicing the Eightfold Path �Dharma ◦ The teachings of Buddha

Religious Practices �Meditation ◦ conscious effort to change how the mind works

Rite or ways of worship � 8 fold Path

Continued �Nirvana ◦ The implication is that it is freedom from what ever binds you, from the burning passion of desire, jealousy, and ignorance. Once these are totally overcome, a state of bliss is achieved, and there is no longer the need the cycle of birth and death. All karmic debts are settled.

Daoism (sometimes spelled Taoism) �Founded by Lao-Tzu, c. (Laozi) �Founded in 550 BC, China.

Sacred Writings �Tao Te Ching ◦ Example of a translated piece of the Tao Te Ching �Those who wish to change the world According with their desire cannot succeed. The world is shaped by the Way; It cannot be shaped by the self. Trying to change it, you damage it; Trying to possess it, you lose it. So some will lead, while others follow. Some will be warm, others cold Some will be strong, others weak. Some will get where they are going While others fall by the side of the road. So the sage will be neither extravagant nor violent.

Religious Practices �Purpose is inner harmony �Peace �Longevity

Rites or ways of worship �Do not interfere with nature �General attitude of "go with the flow“ �Feng Shui ◦ complex body of knowledge that reveals how to balance the energies of any given space to assure the health and good fortune for people inhabiting it.

Confucianism �Founded by Confucius �Started in China 551– 479 BCE

Sacred Texts �Analects ◦ A compiled book of sayings and teachings from Confucius ◦ Anyone learning without thought is lost; anyone thinking but not learning is in peril

Religious Practices �Honesty �Politeness �propriety �humaneness

Rites or ways of worship �Purpose of life is to fulfill one's role in society with propriety, honor, and loyalty.

9 Week Assessment �Your first nine week Assessment will be next Tuesday October 26 th. �We will review on Monday �You should take your notebook home over the weekend and review ALL vocab and notes from the very beginning of the year up through what we finished today.

Football Review-9 week assessment!