WarmUp 21916 Spend the First 5 minutes of

Warm-Up 2/19/16 • Spend the First 5 minutes of class studying for your quiz. You will need a separate sheet of paper and a writing utensil.

Quiz Procedures • Communicating of any kind will result in a zero. • Once you’re done flip over your paper.

Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith A brilliant and militant new civilization rises out of the Arabian desert

Holy City • Right: Mecca – as it would have appeared around the time of Muhhamad’s birth

Mecca (cont. ) • Note the ka’aba in the background • Mecca is in current day Saudi Arabia (Middle East)

Muhammad • Muhammad and the angel Gabriel • God spoke to Muhammad and Muhammad recorded his teachings in the Qur’an

The Book of Books • The Qur’an (Koran) – 114 chapters (suras)

An Intense Monotheism • Right: the Koranic script representing the one God • “There is one God, and Muhammad is his prophet. ”

5 Pillars of Islam 1. Testimony of Faith -”There is no true god (deity) but God (Allah), 1 and Muhammad is the Messenger (Prophet) of God. ” 2. Daily Prayer - Muslims pray 5 times a day 3. Charity - Must give a certain amount of income to the needy 4. Fasting - During certain holidays/times, Muslims do not eat any food 5. Hajj - Pilgrimage to Mecca

Dome of the Rock • Muhammad is believed to have risen to heaven from this spot • Holy building for Muslims

Controversy over Successors • Muhammad and the “rightly guided caliphs” – – Abu Bakr (first caliph) Umar (Omar) Uthman Ali • Sunni and Shi’ite – Sunni caliph should be chosen my Muslim leaders (88%) – Shi’ite caliph should be descendent of Muhammad (12%)

Islamic Empire and Trade

The Islamic Empire