Warm Up What caused Bacons Rebellion What were

• • Warm Up: What caused Bacon’s Rebellion? What were its long term impacts? What were the characteristics of the ‘frontiersman’?

Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

Settling New England

New England Colonies, 1650

Plymouth Colony • The Pilgrims established the Plymouth Colony in 1620 • Separatists – broke away from the Church of England because of its ties to Catholicism • ‘Congregationalists’

Massachusetts Bay Colony • Established by John Winthrop in 1630 as a refuge for Puritans who were being persecuted in England • Puritans – seek to “purify” the COE, not break away • Believe colony will be a “city upon a hill”: an example for all to see

Massachusetts Bay Colony • Mandatory church attendance • Church supported by taxes • Very intolerant of other religions • Settlers could be charged with heresy and banished from the colony if they spoke out against the church

Hard Work: - The Puritans worked very hard at farming, fishing, and hunting in order to become successful. Values: - religion and education were very important. - dancing and games were disapproved of, and illegal on the Sabbath.

Work on your colonial brochures!

Characteristics of New England Settlements Low mortality average life expectancy was 70 years of age. Many extended families. Average 6 children per family. Average at marriage: § Women – 22 years old § Men – 27 years old.

Rhode Island • 1635 - preacher named Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out against the Puritan way • Williams founded Providence: he separated the church and state and allowed differing religious beliefs • Stated that only Native Americans should be allowed to grant land to the colonists

Half-Way Covenant • Political participation was a problem because you had to be “born-again” to vote • 1662 – HWC provided a partial church membership for the children and grandchildren of Puritan church members as a means of keeping the church's influence in society.

Warm up #4 • In your own words, briefly describe religious life in Puritan New England.

King Philip’s War (1675 -1676} Only hope for Native Americans to resist white settlers was to UNITE. Metacom [King Philip to white settlers] § Massasoit’s son, Metacom, united Indians and staged coordinated attacks on white settlements throughout New England. § Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Boston.

King Philip’s War (1675 -1676} The war ended in failure for the Indians § § Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered. His son and wife sold into slavery. Per capita, deadliest war in American history! N. A. Never a serious threat in New England again!!

The Mayflower Compact November 11, 1620 Not a constitution, but an agreement to form a govt. and submit to majority rule. § Signed by 41 adult males. Self-government!

Warm up #5 • Provide two examples of self-government in New England during the colonial era.

New England Government • Town Meetings: residents met to discuss issues and pass laws for the community • Town meetings gave colonists a chance at self government (Why would this lead to the American Revolution? )

Loss of Massachusetts Charter • 1684 - The British King revoked the Massachusetts Charter to gain more control of trade (colonists not happy). ØColonists repeatedly broke terms of their charter which led to it being revoked ØMassachusetts later became a royal colony

Salem Witch Trials - Digital History handout In the 1690 s the Salem Witch Trials began in Massachusetts; 150 colonists accused; 19 hanged ØCauses include tension over loss of the charter along with economic, social and gender issues

Salem Witch Trials • The group admitted later that they had made up the accusations • Reasons for the accusations may have been from cultural/economic differences – Most accusers lived in Salem Village; most accused lived in Salem Town – Most of the accused were women

Witch Scene – Monty Python and the Holy Grail

SSUSH 1 C: Mid Atlantic Colonies

Middle Colonies Mid-Atlantic Colonies – New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware Diverse populations Religious tolerance Wheat/cereal production

New Amsterdam • 1614 - Dutch fur-trading post; aka“New Netherland” – Thrived in Indian fur trade • 1664 - Taken over by the British; becomes New York

Pennsylvania • Founded 1680 by William Penn • Safe haven for Quakers -Complete political and religious freedom -Made land available to all settlers

French Settlement • Quebec was the first permanent settlement of France in the New World Ø Built on fur trading and trapping Ø French, Dutch and English Middle Colonies all friendly with natives – small settlements, mutually beneficial trade

Impact of Geography: - All regions used rivers to connect to the interior and ports, to import/export with Europeans and Native Americans

Warm Up • What were the ‘practical’ reasons for the Salem Witch trials? • What is a difference between French and English colonization?

The South • Good soil, long growing season • North of the fall line – subsistence; south – large plantations – warmer, flatter • Society spread out; dominated by plantation-owning elites • Widespread use of slavery

New England • Poor, rocky soil; short growing season • Big ship-building industry; fishing, whaling trade in harbors (Boston) • New England was the ‘merchant’ region – south often shipped larger quantities of goods north to be transported

Middle Colonies • • Access to rivers and the interior – helps port cities trade Philadelphia and New York two main hubs Traded Native American furs for iron tools and firearms Large farms, wheat/cereal production; not ‘plantation’ society