Warm up In your notebook write the question

Warm up • In your notebook write the question and answer • What type of organism uses the sunlight to make energy? • What else do plants need to make food? • What is the process called when plants make their own food?

Agenda • • • Warm up Amoeba sisters Guided notes Notes review Individual Practice

How Energy Cycles A look at Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

CO 2 & H 2 O Cell Respiration Photosynthesis O 2 & Food

Photosynthesis • The process by which light energy is absorbed, in plants, and converted to the chemical energy of glucose - C 6 H 12 O 6

Photosynthesis • The following is the chemical reaction of Photosynthesis: Sunlight 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 carbon + 6 waters 1 Glucose + 6 oxygen dioxides What is Needed What is Produced

Cellular Respiration • The process whereby chemical energy stored in the form of glucose (simple sugar – C 6 H 12 O 6) is converted into the chemical energy of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This process occurs in the Mitochondria of the cell

Cellular Respiration • Glucose molecules are the fuel for cellular respiration. • The chemical reaction is the following: stuff needed stuff given off C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + 36 ATP 1 Glucose+ 6 oxygen 6 carbon+6 water+energy dioxides

OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS • Where does photosynthesis take place? – In the leaves of plants – Cells contains chloroplasts (organelles that capture sunlight) – The chlorophyll molecule within the chloroplast is actually responsible for capturing light energy.

OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS • The reactions of photosynthesis take place in two main stages: 1. Light Reaction (Light Dependent Reaction) • capture sunlight energy • Splits H 2 O into O 2 2. Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) • use energy from light reaction to fix CO 2 into carbohydrates (C 6 H 12 O 6)

3 Steps of Cellular Respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 3. Electron Transport Chain (System)

Step 1 – Glycolysis • Each Glucose molecule is broken down & produces 2 ATP (oxygen is not required)

Step 2 – Krebs Cycle • 2 more ATP are formed (oxygen is required)

Step 3 Electron Transport Chain • Oxygen is required to ultimately form 32 ATP

The End Product • For every glucose molecule that goes through cellular respiration, 36 ATP are produced 1 C 6 H 12 O 6 = 36 ATP

Fermentation: a cell process in which glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen. 2 ATP are produced. • The two most common forms of fermentation are: 1. alcoholic fermentation (plant &animal cells) 2. Lactic acid fermentation (animal cells)