War to 1812 2 phases 1812 to 1814

* War to 1812 2 phases: - 1812 to 1814, England concentrated on defeating the French and paid little attention to U. S. - April of 1814 and on, post French defeat by the British

* Americans Unprepared - Regular army consisted of less than 7, 000 troops - Armies in the states were poorly trained - Many Americans opposed the war

* -War Began in July 1812 -Gen William Hull went into Canada -Hull surrenders in Detroit to Tecumseh

* Lake Erie - Commander Oliver Hazard Perry - Ordered to assemble a fleet and seize the lake from the British - Defeated British after a bloody battle at what came to be known as the Battle of Thames

OLIVER HAZZARD PERRY IN BATTLE OF THAMES

OLIVER HAZZARD PERRY IN BATTLE OF THAMES

* - Battle of Thames It was an important victory for the Americans for two reasons The American victory put an end to the British threat in Northwest United States -Tecumseh was killed in the battle

Even with a reduced navy, the navy still had three of the fastest frigates The Constitution defeated two British ships It gained the nickname “Old Ironsides”

* Effects of Tecumseh’s Death -Hopes for a Native American confederation died -Andrew Jackson attacks Creeks at Battle of Horseshoe Bend -Creeks give up most of their land

* The British defeat the French -Will send more forces to America -August 1814, sailed into Chesapeake Bay for Washington, D. C. -Burned anything connected with gov’t -Capitol and president’s mansion burned -Headed for Baltimore -Fort Mc. Henry defended harbor with bombardment

* FRANCIS SCOTT KEY -Young attorney -Inspired to write a poem about the night’s happenings -September 13 -14 -Bombs bursting -Smoke filled sky -Flag still flying -“The Star Spangled Banner” -In 1931, Congress designated “The Star. Spangled Banner” as national anthem

AMERICAN FLAG AT FORT Mc HENRY

Original copy of the National Anthem Written by Francis Scott Key as watch the Battle at Fort Mc. Henry

* Battle of Champlain An important victory for the Americans -British invades Plattsburgh from Canada with 10, 000 troops -American naval force stopped and defeated British fleet in September 1814 -British decide with France defeated America not worth the effort

* Treaty of Ghent -Ended War of 1812 -Peace treaty -No clear winner, no territory changed hands, resolved no trade disputes

SIGNING THE TREATY OF GHENT

ORIGINAL COPY OF THE TREATY OF GHENT

* Battle of New Orleans -Word had not yet reached U. S. -December 1814, New Orleans -British move towards city, Andrew Jackson and his men await him -American wins in short gruesome battle -Jackson becomes hero and fame helps him win presidency in 1828

BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS America WON

BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS

* Consequences of the War of 1812: 1) Increased American patriotism 2) Broke the strength of Native Americans toward the government of the United States 3) American trade was expanded and more manufacturing followed the war 4) America proved it could defend itself against a major world power