War Politics War to Preserve Union Emancipation Debated

War Politics -War to Preserve Union -Emancipation Debated Needed higher cause -Emancipation Proclamation Jan. 1, 1863

Rebuilding -Had to rebuild everything -Political -Social -Economic

Political Changes -Power of the Federal Gov’t is supreme -extension of federal powers -income taxes first used -citizens drafted into service -civil rights were restricted -habeas corpus suspended

Two Plans Lincoln’s Plan vs. Radicals Plan

Lincoln’s Plan -Preserve Union -”with malice toward none, with charity for all” -amnesty (forgive) to most -10% must take oath -little mention of former slaves

Radical Plan -Radical Republicans -Thaddeus Stevens -Charles Sumner Wade-Davis Bill of 1864 -harsher plan -martial law -majority takes oath -bars former leaders from office

Lincoln Assassinated -John Wilkes Booth Aftermath -Andrew Johnson is President -tried to follow Lincoln’s plan with additions -13 th Amendment -Congress refuses plan -South tries to reorganize under Lincoln’s plan

Southern Politics -Black Codes -many of the same leaders elected to office -blacks denied most rights -many people of the Union saw little change and began to question the outcome of the war

Power Struggle Congress vs. President -Congress refuses to admit new southern delegates -Congress passes Civil Right Act of 1866 over a Johnson veto -Congress bypasses Johnson to achieve equal rights -14 th Amendment -Radicals control Congress after 1866 elections with large majority

Radical Reconstruction -Reconstruction Act of 1867 -override the President -”Martial Law” military rule of South -protect former slaves -bans former leaders

New Government -Scalawags – southerners in office -Carpetbaggers –northerners moved to south -

New Government 15 th Amendment -African Americans can vote -Black leaders elected - KKK stops voting

Johnson Impeached -Johnson fights with Radicals -Radicals seek to impeach -Tenure of Office Act -Johnson tests the legality of Act -Johnson impeached but acquitted

Grant Elected -Johnson serves out term with no real effect on policy -General Grant is nominated and wins election easily