War in Europe 1939 1940 Hitler Ignores Versailles

War in Europe 1939 & 1940

Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty See’s the League did nothing to Japan- build up army. League could not stop him Actually makes Hitler more confident Rhineland Buffer between Germany and France Hitler invades despite warnings

Austria & Sudetenland March 1938 German troops march into Austria Munich Agreement Hitler invited French premier & British prime minister. Chamberlain to meet Hitler only wanted the Sudetenland Appeasement

Was Hitler really done?

Poland Hitler set his sights on Poland Hitler signs Nonaggression Pact with Stalin Why? Secret plan: Germany and Soviet Union agreed to divide Poland.

Sept. 1, 1939 -Blitzkrieg- “lightning war”fast tanksfast planes- Germans done in 3 weeks. *Stalin sent Soviet troops to occupy the Eastern half of Poland Sept. 3, 1939 - France & Britain declare war

Phony War D U N K I R K French & British soldiers waiting for German soldiers to invade France German soldiers waiting for French & British soldiers to invade Germany. Sneaky Germans invade France through wooded area (Ardennes Forest) Germans trap 400, 000 French soldiers 1940 Italy enters war- invades France from south

THE ROAD TO WAR

U. S. Helps Cash and Carry- U. S. sells weapons to nations at war: Pay cash & transport weapons in own ships ○ Why? Lend-Lease Act- March 1941 -lend arms to any country whose defense was vital to the U. S. *Are we an isolationist country at this point? *So much for Hitler & Stalin’s budding friendship! U. S. gives aid to Stalin after Hitler invades U. S. S. R “If Hitler invaded Hell, we would be willing to work with the devil himself” ~Winston Churchill

FDR popular but his foreign policy was not liked Atlantic Charter- England & U. S. - U. S. did not join the war, but agreed on war aims Collective security, freedom of the seas, disarmament… Oct. 1941 -German U-boats fire on U. S. Ships Roosevelt ordered the Navy to shoot U-boats on sight U. S. destroyer Reuben James sunk- killing 100 sailors By Oct. 1941 the U. S. is in an undeclared war with Nazi Germany in the Atlantic

Militaristic Japan Emperor reigns but doesn’t rule 1920’s extreme military leaders attempted to overthrow the emperor. Great Depression put blame on government Unsuccessful Military leaders launch surprise attack on China anyway In Manchuria Why would Japan want to invade another country?

Manchukuo 1931 Within months Japan’s military controlled this area Set up a “puppet government” Why didn’t China win against tiny Japan? Back in 1912 - Democracy established in China Chiang Kai-shek (democratic) could not defeat the Japanese ○ Better equipped and trained (westernization) Conquer Beijing and Nanjing The Democratic Chinese set up new capital in west and continue to fight Mao Zedong (a Chinese communist)

Fast Forward To 1937 ---Six Years Later

Japanese Militarists By 1935 - all Chinese agree to fight together July 1937 - Japan invades China again Japan takes the Marco Polo Bridge Japan moves south- into Indochina Hideki Tojo leader of military becomes Japan’s Prime Minister U. S. - Japan Negotiations U. S. wants Japan to retreat to Manchukuo U. S. cuts off trade with Japan- 1 very important resource? !? WRITE IT DOWN!!! What problems would this bring about for Japan?

Japan Prepares Ship charter in Pearl Harbor Japan scouted many areas in the South Pacific for an attack. Japan was not wanting to go to war, instead the militarists wanted to show the U. S. that Japan was a force to be reckoned with. Japan wanted one BIG attack in order for the U. S. to give in. Meanwhile, the U. S. freezes all Japanese bank accounts in U. S.

Attack on Pearl Harbor U. S. broke codes knew Japan was going to attack in the South Pacific. December 7, 1941 - Early morning Surprise 180 Japanese warplanes 1 hour and 30 minutes Japanese 80% success 2, 403 Americans killed & 1, 178 wounded Sunk/damaged 21 U. S. ships 300 airplanes damaged Japan thought the U. S. would negotiate spheres of influence December 8, 1941 - U. S. declares war on Japan December 11, 1941 - Germany & Italy declare war on U. S.