Wanted A Just Right Government The Articles of

Wanted: A “Just Right” Government The Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution i. Civic. com

Wanted—A government that: • • • Has enough power to do its job Doesn’t give anyone too much power Considers the needs of all people Lets people have a voice Protects individual rights

“Declaration of Independence” “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. ”

Role of Government as described in Declaration of Independence: “That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government…”

“That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government…”

“That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government…”

“That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government…”

The First Attempt: The Articles of Confederation The Articles were passed in 1777 and had the following provisions: �Each state was independent and had its own government. �Each state sent representatives to the “Congress of the Confederation” �The Congress was the only central government. There was no President. �In Congress, each state got one vote.

A confederation is a group of individuals united together for a purpose.

Hey, This is Great! What did people like about the Articles of Confederation?

Hey, This is Great! • States get to keep their power and independence

Hey, This is Great! • States get to keep their power and independence • No government telling the states what to do

Hey, This is Great! • States get to keep their power and independence. • No government telling the states what to do. • Congress had the power to create a military to protect all the states.

But Wait… What was wrong with the Articles of Confederation?

But Wait… • Congress had no way to enforce its laws.

But Wait… • Congress had no way to enforce its laws. • That meant states could ignore laws.

But Wait… • Congress had no way to enforce its laws. • That meant states could ignore laws. • Congress did not have the power to collect taxes to pay for the military.

But Wait… • Congress had no way to enforce its laws. • That meant states could ignore laws. • Congress did not have the power to collect taxes to pay for the military. • The Articles could only be changed if all states agreed.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False?

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 1. The Articles made a President in charge of the country.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 1. The Articles made a President in charge of the country. (F) 2. States would still be independent under the Articles.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 1. The Articles made a President in charge of the country. (F) 2. States would still be independent under the Articles. (T) 3. The Articles were easy to change.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 1. The Articles made a President in charge of the country. (F) 2. States would still be independent under the Articles. (T) 3. The Articles were easy to change. (F) 4. The more people a state had, the more votes it got in Congress.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 1. The Articles made a President in charge of the country. (F) 2. States would still be independent under the Articles. (T) 3. The Articles were easy to change. (F) 4. The more people a state had, the more votes it got in Congress. (F)

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 5. Congress did not have the power to collect taxes.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 5. Congress did not have the power to collect taxes. (T) 6. Congress could pass laws that the states had to follow.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 5. Congress did not have the power to collect taxes. (T) 6. Congress could pass laws that the states had to follow. (F) 7. The Articles of Confederation created the first American government.

Mini Quiz #1 The Articles of Confederation True or False? 5. Congress did not have the power to collect taxes. (T) 6. Congress could pass laws that the states had to follow. (F) 7. The Articles of Confederation created the first American government. (T)

“This government is too small !”

Trouble in Paradise Without a strong central government, there were ___conflicts__ between the _______ that the powerless Congress could not _______. For example, states made their citizens pay _____ on goods that came from other ______.

Trouble in Paradise Without a strong central government, there were ___conflicts__ between the ____states____ that the powerless Congress could not _______. For example, states made their citizens pay _____ on goods that came from other ______.

Trouble in Paradise Without a strong central government, there were ___conflicts__ between the ____states____ that the powerless Congress could not ____control____. For example, states made their citizens pay ______ on goods that came from other _____.

Trouble in Paradise Without a strong central government, there were ___conflicts__ between the ____states____ that the powerless Congress could not ____control____. For example, states made their citizens pay _taxes_ on goods that came from other _____.

Trouble in Paradise Without a strong central government, there were ___conflicts__ between the ____states____ that the powerless Congress could not ____control____. For example, states made their citizens pay _taxes_ on goods that came from other __states__.

• States had different needs.

• States had different needs. – For example, some states depended on fishing, while others mostly grew crops.

• States had different needs. – For example, some states depended on fishing, while others mostly grew crops. • States had different sizes.

• States had different needs. – For example, some states depended on fishing, while others mostly grew crops. • States had different sizes. – Some states had many people and some states had few.

• States had different needs. – For example, some states depended on fishing, while others mostly grew crops. • States had different sizes. – Some states had many people and some states had few. • People had different opinions.

• States had different needs. – For example, some states depended on fishing, while others mostly grew crops. • States had different sizes. – Some states had many people and some states had few. • People had different opinions. – Some people feared a central government while others thought a central government was necessary.

Mini Quiz #2 Problems Among States True or false? 1. Everybody thought the central government should have more power.

Mini Quiz #2 Problems Among States True or false? 1. Everybody thought the central government should have more power. (F) 2. Some people were afraid states might lose their independence.

Mini Quiz #2 Problems Among States True or false? 1. Everybody thought the central government should have more power. (F) 2. Some people were afraid states might lose their independence. (T) 3. Different states had different needs for government to meet.

Mini Quiz #2 Problems Among States True or false? 1. Everybody thought the central government should have more power. (F) 2. Some people were afraid states might lose their independence. (T) 3. Different states had different needs for government to meet. (T) 4. The states all got along with each other.

Mini Quiz #2 Problems Among States True or false? 1. Everybody thought the central government should have more power. (F) 2. Some people were afraid states might lose their independence. (T) 3. Different states had different needs for government to meet. (T) 4. The states all got along with each other. (F) 5. The government created by the Articles of Confederation had everything under control between the states.

Mini Quiz #2 Problems Among States True or false? 1. Everybody thought the central government should have more power. (F) 2. Some people were afraid states might lose their independence. (T) 3. Different states had different needs for government to meet. (T) 4. The states all got along with each other. (F) 5. The government created by the Articles of Confederation had everything under control between the states. (F)

Articles of Confederation Legislative branch only New Idea

Articles of Confederation New Idea Split power between: Legislative branch only • Legislative • Executive • Judicial

VA v. NJ Populations in 1787 ~ 747, 000 ~ 184, 000

Poll: What do you think? Is it more fair for every state to have the same amount of power or for states with more people to have more power? All states should have the same power Larger states should have more power Why?

Ta-Da! Presenting… The Constitution! Finally!

Preamble “We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. ”

Article The Legislative Branch Makes Laws

Article The Legislative Branch Makes Laws CONGRESS

Article The Legislative Branch Makes Laws CONGRESS House of Representatives

Article The Legislative Branch Makes Laws CONGRESS House of Representatives Senate

Article The Executive Branch Carries Out Laws The Legislative Branch Makes Laws House of Representatives Senate

Article The Executive Branch Carries Out Laws The President The Legislative Branch Makes Laws House of Representatives Senate

Article The Judicial Branch Interprets Laws The Supreme Court The Legislative Branch Makes Laws House of Representatives Senate The Executive Branch Carries Out Laws The President

Article The Judicial Branch Interprets Laws The Legislative Branch Makes Laws House of Representatives Senate The Executive Branch Carries Out Laws The President

The Executive Branch Carries Out Laws The President THE BRANCHES The Legislative Branch Makes Laws House of Representatives Senate The Judicial Branch Interprets Laws The Supreme Court

Mini Quiz #3 The Three Branches Choose the correct words: 1. Congress can make/carry out laws but cannot make/carry out laws.

Mini Quiz #3 The Three Branches Choose the correct words: 1. Congress can make laws but cannot carry out laws. 2. The President can make/carry out laws but cannot make/carry out laws.

Mini Quiz #3 The Three Branches Choose the correct words: 1. Congress can make laws but cannot carry out laws. 2. The President can carry out laws but cannot make laws. 3. The courts cannot make/carry out or make/carry out laws, but they can interpret what laws mean.

Mini Quiz #3 The Three Branches Choose the correct words: 1. Congress can make laws but cannot carry out laws. 2. The President can carry out laws but cannot make laws. 3. The courts cannot make or carry out laws, but they can interpret what laws mean.

Article

Article Did the Articles of Confederation require states to treat other states’ citizens the same as their own citizens? YES NO

Article Did the Articles of Confederation require states to treat other states’ citizens the same as their own citizens? NO

Article

Article How could the Articles of Confederation be changed? Majority vote Unanimous vote

Article How could the Articles of Confederation be changed? Unanimous vote!

Article

Article Did the Articles of Confederation require states to follow the laws Congress passed? YES NO

Article Did the Articles of Confederation require states to follow the laws Congress passed? NO

Article

Article The Articles of Confederation had to be approved by all states involved! (How many was that? )

Article The Articles of Confederation had to be approved by all states involved! 13

The Amendments (That means stuff they added later. ) Did they add spots? No, silly! They added rights!

The Amendments • Freedom of speech

The Amendments • Freedom of speech • No cruel and unusual punishment

The Amendments • Freedom of speech • No cruel and unusual punishment • Abolish slavery

The Amendments • • Freedom of speech No cruel and unusual punishment Abolish slavery Right to vote at age 18

The Amendments • • • Freedom of speech No cruel and unusual punishment Abolish slavery Right to vote at age 18 …And many others!

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 1. Laws are made by the _____ branch. A executive B legislative

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 1. Laws are made by the _____ branch. A executive B legislative

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 2. States must treat people from other states _______. A the same B differently

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 2. States must treat people from other states _______. A the same B differently

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 3. Laws passed by Congress are _____ to state laws. A superior B inferior

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 3. Laws passed by Congress are _____ to state laws. A superior B inferior

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 4. Congress has _______. A one chamber B two chambers

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 4. Congress has _______. A one chamber B two chambers

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 5. Each state gets two representatives (votes) in the _______. A House of Representatives B Senate

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 5. Each state gets two representatives (votes) in the _______. A House of Representatives B Senate

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 6. In the House of Representatives, the number of representatives each state gets is based on its _______. A Population B Taxes

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 6. In the House of Representatives, the number of representatives each state gets is based on its _______. A Population B Taxes

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 7. The President is the head of the ____ branch. A Legislative B Executive

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 7. The President is the head of the ____ branch. A Legislative B Executive

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 8. The executive branch ______ laws. A Carries out B Interprets

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 8. The executive branch ______ laws. A Carries out B Interprets

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 9. One goal of the Constitution is to establish ______. A Justice B Anarchy

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 9. One goal of the Constitution is to establish ______. A Justice B Anarchy

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 10. The articles of the Constitution don’t say anything about _____. A Rights B Laws

Last Mini Quiz! Under the Constitution… 10. The articles of the Constitution don’t say anything about _____. A Rights B Laws

The End!