VY32INOVACE14 19 British history II Tudor Dynasty Stuart

VY_32_INOVACE_14 -19 British history II Tudor Dynasty Stuart Dynasty

Tudors – Henry VIII § Henry VIII (1509 – 1547) § established The Church of England 1534 § had 6 wives and 3 children – successors: Catherine of Aragon Mary (Bloody Mary – 1553 -58) Anne Boleyn (beheaded 1536, Thomas More Elizabeth) Jane Seymour Edward VI (1537 she dies) Anne of Cleves – illegitimate marriage Catherine Howard – beheaded for adultery Catherine Parr § dies in 1547, abolished all monasteries built new docks, ships, established royal navy, very cruel, about 72 000 executions § Edward, Mary (Protestants` persecution, many executed)

Tudors – Elizabeth I § Elizabeth I (1558 -1603) § Elizabethian Age – Golden Age for literature and drama § Virgin Queen, female diplomacy, intriques § political manouvering, no rebellions - only in Scotland Mary Stuart: beheaded § New colonies, voyages - Fr. Drake, W. Raleigh, East India Comp. § respected, intelligent, England prospered, defeated Spanish Armada § more poor people – rebellions, Elizab. dies, Stuarts come to the throne

Henry VIII Autor: Hans Eworth, Název: Henry VIII Chatsworth. jpg Zdroj: http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Henry_VIII_Chatsworth. jpg Elizabeth I Autor: Hans Eworth, Název: Elizabeth I c 1570. jpg Zdroj: http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Elizabeth_I_c_1570. jpg

Stuarts – James I § JAMES I religious problems Catholics X Protestants § 1605 Guy Fawkes Night § compulsory school attendance disagreement of Catholics § Puritans disagree with the form of worships…emigration § 1607 Jamestown (Virginia, Boston, Salem) § 1620 Plymouth Mayflower. . Pilgrims

Stuarts – Charles I war with Spain loss…financial problems…refuses to accept the terms of Parliament • Parliament common people • King noblemen, landowners CIVIL WAR 1642 - 1649 Roundheads Royalists • Presbyterians…. - Independents • royal army • to compromise…end of monarchy Oliver Cromwell • 1649 - 1660= a republic • Charles defeated, fled to Scotland, later beheaded in Whitehall

Restoration of monarchy § Charles II (1660 -1685) theatres reopened, influenced by king Louis XIV 1665 – the plague, 1/5 died(brothels) 1666 – Great Fire of London, Christ. Wren, “The Monument” – 222 feet § James II (1685– 1688) wanted to convert people to catholicism rebellions James to exile in France king was replaced = Glorious Revolution monarchy restored but parliament became a sovereign q q q William and Mary of Orange ruled with equal rights, no catholics on throne Bank of England – 1694 § Anne (1702 -1714) the second daughter of James II, Union of Engl. and Scotl. - 1707