VY32INOVACE14 07 Economy and work History Industry and

VY_32_INOVACE_14 -07 Economy and work History Industry and Agriculture Services Export, Import Work and unemployment

History of British economy § first industrialized world`s country – coal, iron, steel and textile industry – powerful during the 18 th - 19 th cent. , now declining and replaced by oil and gas industry § major world trading nation for hundreds of years – changed after WWII the USA § 1960 s powerful trade unions changed when Margaret Thatcher was PM, now voluntary and 28% of workforce belong there

1970 s § 1970 s – oil crisis, stock market crash, inflation § 1979 – M. Thatcher: modernisation of economy, free market, privatisation (railways – expensive), unemployment, strikes, recovery in 1997 § the UK is a member of: the EU – half trade with EU countries, the Commonwealth of Nations, the G 7, G 8, the Internatioanl Monetory Fund … § developed country and the seventh-largest national economy measured by GDP

Industry § 18. 2 % of the whole labour force § raw materials and deposits: oil and gas – the North and Irish Sea: BP (British Petroleum), Royal Dutch Shell, BG Group construction mater. : clay, limestone, sandstone, salt, dolomite, granite… lead, gold, iron ore, coal § leading industries : chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, vehicles, machines and means of transport, paper, textile, food and drink, media § majority run by commercial companies (public limited comp. ): British Rail, buses, Br. Airways, gas, oil, water, electricity, British Telecom… but: The Post Office, The National Health Service – in govern. hands

Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on an Airbus A 380 Autor: neznámý, Název: A 380 -trent 900. JPG Zdroj: http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: A 380 -trent 900. JPG

Agriculture § 1. 4 % of the whole labour force § intensive, mechanised § they breed: § wheat, barley, oats, sugar beet, potatoes, flax, hops, vegetables, fruits 1/3 arable crops fishing § livestock – cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, poultry 2/3 of production they grow: § Provides 60% of the UK food needs trend to organic farming reduce of artificial fertilisers, pesticides, … cod, haddock, shellfish, salmon, trout forestry and hunting

Services § 80. 4 %, earn more than manufacturing and agriculture together § London – the world`s greatest financial centre alongside NY and Tokyo § the most important are financial and business services: City of London, Canary Wharf, London Stock Exchange Bank of England - 1694, HSBC, Lloyds, Barclays Bank, Royal Bank of Scotland Group § tourism and transport the first steam locomotive (1804), the oldest underground § investment, insurance, catering, computing services (English as IT language)

British brands BP, BA, BT British Aerospace Rolls Royce, Land Rover Reuters, Financial Times Shell Johnnie Walker, Guiness Tesco, Sainsbury`s, Carrefour…

City of London Autor: Mewiki, Název: City of London. jpg Zdroj: http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: City_of_London. jpg

Export / Import § Import: § manufacturing industry has declined more good imported (Asia): food, spices…Asia, China oil…Middle East machinery § Export: § services, machines, vehicles, chemicals, alcohol, foodstuff § the sixth largest exporter of goods § the second largest exporter of services

Work ‘I like work: it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for hours. ’ Jerome K. Jerome § 70% of Br. households buy their own home, longer working hours, work in a city and live in a small cottage in the country main goal § 37 - 40 hours/week, minimum wage about 5. 73£/hour § nowadays more part-time jobs, working from home (broadband computer network), flexible hours § 13% self-employed (Chinese, Bangladeshi, Pakistani…corner shops, restaurants, hotels, take aways)

Unemployment low – 8%…state benefits equal opportunities, job agencies / state and private immigrants: more than 600, 000 from 2004, have to register…not easy

Thank you for your attention. Autor DUM: Mgr. Darina Sikorová