Vukov materil MB 04 102 Tvrce Mgr rka
Výukový materiál MB 04 - 102 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: Th. Mgr. Ing. Jiří Foller Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ. 1. 07/1. 1. 36/03. 0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR VIRUSES - DISEASES 2014
VIRAL DISEASES OF PLANTS Ø Ø Ø Ø plant viruses can stop the growth of plants mostly RNA – viruses virus of tobacco mosaic transfer from a plant to another plant by insects, seeds, vegetative reproduction symptoms: formation of spots on the leaves rolling up the leaves abortive growth
PRIONS Ø Ø Ø Ø proteins cause infectious diseases of brain slow degeneration of nervous system incubation period – several years scarpie – by sheep BSE by cattle „mad cows´ disease“ 1986 first diagnosed in Great Britain brain > sponge form CJD – human form of prion infection
PRIONS faulty shape variant of particular protein in brain cells > degeneration Ø resistant against higher temperatures, enzymes Ø Nobel prize in 1997 - Stanley Prusiner Ø
VIRAL DISEASES OF ANIMALS AND HUMAN Ø Ø Ø viruses penetrate into organisms: through injured skin through mucous membranes of respiratory ways through mucous membranes of digestive system they reproduce at the place of entering > virus of common cold they reproduce in the target cells > they spread through lymph and blood viruses are excreted: through the mucus from nose, larynx salivas through peeled off skin through blood, urine, excrements
VIRAL DISEASES OF ANIMALS AND HUMAN common cold virus > influenza Ø it belongs to RNA – viruses Ø fever Ø ague Ø headache, pain in muscles Ø various tribes of viruses > they cross over > new genetic combinations – human do not have antibodies Ø > pandemic Ø
DNA VIRUSES smallpox (variola) Ø foot-and-mouth disease > animals Ø viral hepatitis B Ø verrucas Ø adenoviruses > catarrhs of upper respiratory ways Ø herpes simplex Ø herpes zoster Ø
DNA VIRUSES Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø polio HIV viral hepatitis A common cold influenza mumps measles rabies rubella encephalitis
PROTECTION AGAINST INFECTION Ø Ø Ø Ø immune system vaccination based on the ability of the immune system to produce antibodies vaccine: weakened originator of disease > stimulation of the immune system vaccines against: polio measles rubella
SOURCES Ø Ø Ø JELÍNEK, Jan a Vladimír ZICHÁČEK. Biologie pro gymnázia: teoretická a praktická část. 2. dopl. a rozš. vyd. Olomouc: Nakladatelství Olomouc, 1998. ISBN 80 -718 -2050 -4 KUBIŠTA, Václav. Obecná biologie. Praha: Fortuna, 2000, ISBN 80 -7168 -714 -6. CHALUPOVÁ - KARLOVÁ, Vlastimila. Obecná biologie. Olomouc: Nakladatelství Olomouc, 2010, ISBN 978 -80 -7182 -282 -0. ZÁVODSKÁ, Radka. Biologie buněk. Praha: Scientia, 2006, ISBN 80 -86960 -15 -3. ROSYPAL, Stanislav. Nový přehled biologie. 1. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 2003, 797 s. ISBN 80 -718 -3268 -5
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