Vowels Diphthongs Nunation Stress Abbreviations and Alphabet as

Vowels, Diphthongs, Nunation Stress, Abbreviations and Alphabet as Numbers.

Vowels

There are 6 vowels 3 Long vowels . .

3 short vowels a i vowel sound e. g. nun , woman

u in bull. A small circle above the letter. It is used to signify the absence of a vowel, for example: ﻛ NOT E ﺑﺕ ﻭ


how many long syllables and short syllables are in each of the following words ﻳﺓ ﺷﺍﺭ ﻭﺩ

Diphthongs

A diphthong is a combination of two vowel sound occurring next to each other within the same syllable. 2 Diphthongs in Arabic aw ﻳﻮﻡ ay ﺑﻴﺖ

Nunation

- Nutation is found at the end of nouns and adjectives when They are indefinite. . ﺟﻤﻴﻠ ﻓﺘﺎ : ﻣﺜﺎﻝ - It is indicated using a doubled vowel sign. Sound an Sound in Sound Un


Stress

The Arabic language is a language of syllable length NOT stress. While reading Arabic all syllables should be given their full length, but no effort should be made to emphasize any syllable at the expense of the other. The result will sound as if some syllable are stronger than others, but this is because of their length.

Abbreviations

As in English language, some abbreviations are used in the Arabic language such as: Full word Abbreviation in Arabic English ﻣﺘﺮ ﻡ m ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻏﺮﺍﻡ ﻛﻎ kg ﺳﻨﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺳﻢ cm

The Alphabet As numbers

The letters of the Arabic alphabet are sometimes used for numbering. The order followed is found in the following line :

Roman Numerals

the Roman numbers have different shapes, and also have different ways to calculation and knowing a certain number

The main numbers English numbers 1 5 10 I V X Roman numbers

We can find the rest of numbers by adding and subtracting the main numbers with each others 2 = 1+1 I+I =II And the same way with number 3

But from number 4 until number 8, there are two different ways to knowing them: 1 - if the number I in the left side of number V that means subtract number one from number five, and the total is number four. IV _

2 - if the number I in the right side of number V that means add number one to number five, and the total is number six. VI +

We use the same ways with the numbers from 9 until 12 , but we will replace number V with number X ( because the English numbers are increasing and also the roman numbers will be increased ) IX _ =9 XI + = 11

The Roman numbers
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