Votes for Women Flag Objectives US 18 Describe

“Votes for Women Flag

Objectives �US. 18 Describe the movement to achieve suffrage for women, including its leaders, the activities of suffragettes, the passage of the 19 th Amendment, and the role of Tennessee in the suffrage effort (Anne Dallas Dudley, Harry Burn, Josephine Pearson, “Perfect 36”).

• Why do women want to vote? • Why would someone oppose women voting?

Political Cartoon • What picks up steam during the Progressive Era?

Women’s Suffrage • President Wilson opposed at first. • Changed his mind during 2 nd term--19 th Amendment is passed giving women the right to vote.

Anti-suffrage – Granting women the right to vote included the view that female voters would support laws that reduced prostitution, labor abuses, and other social evils

Preparing the Way for Suffrage • Western States became the first states to grant women the right to vote. (Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Washington)

Map of suffrage

• In 1872, in an act of civil disobedience, a suffrage leader, Susan B. Anthony, insisted on voting in Rochester, New York. She was arrested for this act.

Political Cartoons: Women’s Suffrage

Victory for Suffrage • In 1918, Congress formally proposed the suffrage amendment. • After the amendment was proposed the ratification battle began. • 36 /48 states required for ratification • “Perfect 36”

Josephine Pearson • President of the National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage. ➔ received support from some of the most powerful political lobbies in Tennessee, ➔ including distillers, ➔ textile manufacturers, ➔ and railroad companies. Josephine Pearson of Tennessee told her coworkers that she considered the antisuffrage movement to be a “Holy War, a crusade in memory of my Mother for Southern Motherhood, through which her guiding spirit has led me all the way!” Pearson defined motherhood as “the highest Coronation of Women. ” Furthermore, the final test of suffrage for women, she asserted, would be whether “it strengthens or weakens Woman’s motherhood—physical, intellectual, spiritual!” 38

Arguments against women having the vote. At first, the idea that women should have the vote was seen as so ridiculous that no one attempted to oppose it. When the suffragettes began to win support, those opposing them had to take them more seriously. • • • - “Women and men have ‘separate spheres’. ” - “Most women do not want the vote. ” - “Women’s role is in local affairs. ” - “Women are already represented by their husbands. ” - “It is dangerous to change a system that works. ” - “Women do not fight to defend their country. ”

• Anne Dallas Dudley, a national and state leader in the woman suffrage movement • From Nashville, TN • Made suffrage more “acceptable” • “women bear armies”

“Perfect 36” • Harry Burn: Burn cast the deciding vote on the 19 th Amendment. (Letter From Mother) “Dear Son: Hurrah and vote for suffrage! Don't keep them in doubt! I notice some of the speeches against. They were bitter. I have been watching to see how you stood, but have noticed anything yet. Don't forget to be a good boy and help Mrs. Catt put the "rat" in ratification. Your mother” http: //www. history. com/news/the-mother-who-saved-suffrage-passingthe-19 th-amendment

“The Perfect 36” • August 1920, Tennessee became the 36 th state necessary to ratify the suffrage amendment. • The 19 th Amendment, granting women the right to vote, vote was the last major reform of the Progressive Era. • “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex” sex

GRAPH Passages of Women’s Suffrage

• Enduring Questions: • Evaluate the impact of women being able to vote. • Name three prominent leaders in the Tennessee and National suffrage movement.

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