Volvo Construction Equipment Volvo CE Software Control CMP

Volvo Construction Equipment Volvo CE Software Control CMP 11/10/2020 1

Volvo Construction Equipment AB Volvo Business Areas within Volvo Group Mack Trucks Renault Trucks Volvo Trucks Business Lines within Volvo Construction Equipment ARTICULATED HAULER Construction Equipment EXCAVATOR Penta MOTOR GRADER CUSTOMER SUPPORT Business Areas RENTAL CMP 11/10/2020 Buses 2 WHEEL LOADER Aero COMPACT EQUIPMENT Financial Services

Volvo Construction Equipment CMP 11/10/2020 3

Volvo Construction Equipment Eskilstuna, Sweden Arvika, Sweden ± 1100 empl. Asheville, North America ± 250 empl Braås, Sweden; Pederneiras, Brazil ± 600 empl. Changwon, Shanghai, China ± 1300 empl. Goderich, Ontario, Canada ± 700 empl. Eskilstuna, Sweden ± 900 empl. Pederneiras, Brazil ± 250 empl. R&D CMP 11/10/2020 4 Plant Belley, France Konz-Könen, Germany Wroclaw, Poland ± 950 empl. Hallsberg, Sweden ± 500 empl. 11

Volvo Construction Equipment Electronic Control System Instrument control unit (I-ECU) Cab control unit (C-ECU) Vehicle control unit (V-ECU) PROSIT VCADS Pro MATRIS Engine control unit (E-ECU) CMP 11/10/2020 5 Transmission control unit (T-ECU)

Volvo Construction Equipment Rubus OS Supports Different Execution Paradigms Rubus OS Red Kernel Green Kernel Basic Services CMP 11/10/2020 6 Blue Kernel

Volvo Construction Equipment Rubus Implementation Pre-runtime Generated Execution Schemes 95% of Functionality is Pre-runtime Scheduled CMP 11/10/2020 7

Volvo Construction Equipment SW Complexity Comparison WLO CMP 11/10/2020 8

Volvo Construction Equipment SW Complexity Comparison WLO CMP 11/10/2020 9

Volvo Construction Equipment Rubus Component Designer Software Components Separated Temporal Configuration C 1 Component Interface C 1 Re-useable C 1 C 2 CMP 11/10/2020 10 Component Library

Volvo Construction Equipment What VOLVO CE use Red thread Almost everything 95% (including none time critical) Better temporal behavior we know what happened Pre-runtime dispatch table make it easy to plan when things should happen Blue thread Slow buss Diagnostic to service tools Driver information (display) Green threads Small interrupt that is hard to avoid CMP 11/10/2020 11

Volvo Construction Equipment What VOLVO CE use Queue between red and blue threads None or almost none semafor/mutex (not needed due to the red threads). Max time dump to be able to see the execution time estimate. Poor usage of read error report (only rom. POD) Simple reboot on red error Mode shifting (warm up, drive, shut down and test) CMP 11/10/2020 12

Volvo Construction Equipment Good things Simple and strait forward When the schedule is created and the time is good then one have a stable system Small RTOS No per unit cost Close co-operation Possibility to make component library CMP 11/10/2020 13

Volvo Construction Equipment Bad things No “plug-in” ( can buss) Easy to have a high schedule without having it in practice Close co-operation (Some think that TUE make to much debugging) Small company. Make it risky Only C 167 support Lack of develop tools (online tracing, max time from target) A lot of overhead work with component and the connections ( better tool under evaluation) CMP 11/10/2020 14