Volume 1 2 1 1 Excellence Publication Co

Volume 1 2. 1 1 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Definition of Software is a computer program. Types of Software A. Classified according to the functionality 1. System Software control the way a computer system runs Volume 1 2 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

2. Application Software perform specific tasks B. Classified according to how it is released to the market and its copyright restrictions Various kinds of software can be downloaded from the Internet Volume 1 2. 1 3 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Different Types of Software and their Features Type Characteristic 1. Packaged 2. Shareware 3. Freeware Software 4. Public Domain Software ‧used for a packagelimited period d on a CDof time for distributed ROM/ DVDfree of charge and the and is not ROM for sale ‧but intend source code is copyrighted for sale after available the trial period Volume 1 2. 1 4 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Type Available in Retail Markets Downloadable from the Internet 1. Packaged 2. Shareware Software 3. Freeware 4. Public Domain Software √ √ √ (online purchase only) Copyright Restrictions √ √ Example Microsoft Windows Winzip Volume 1 2. 1 5 Gnotella GNU Emacs Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

http: //download. com/ http: //www. completelyfreesoftware. com http: //www. freeware 4 all. com/ http: //www. tucows. com Volume 1 2. 1 6 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Definition of Hardware is the physical aspect of computers and related devices. Monitor Case Mouse Keyboard Volume 1 2. 1 7 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Different Types of Hardware There are different types of hardware: Type Function Example (a) Input Accepts user input Keyboard (b) Processing Processes the input CPU (c) Outputs the processed results (d) Storage Stores programs 1. Main Memory 2. Secondary Storage Volume 1 2. 1 8 Printer 1. RAM 2. Floppy disks Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Physical Connections of Hardware There are two types of physical connections: Serial Connection Definition Use a wire or a set of wires to accepts user input Parallel Connection Use a multiple set of wires to transfer data blocks simultaneously 1. Transmission speed is slow 1. Transmission speed is fast 2. Long-distance connection 2. Short-distance is is allowed Centronics, Examples RS-232, IEEE 1394, USB IEEE 1284 Features Volume 1 2. 1 9 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Serial Connection 101 Pieces of data are sent one after another 1 1 0 Parallel Connection 1 0 1 1 0 Volume 1 2. 1 1 0 10 Pieces of data are sent at the same time Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

A computer needs to use both the software and the hardware to operate. Software tells hardware how to process data and governs how hardware is executed. Volume 1 2. 1 11 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Software Hardware Untouchable Touchable Exists as ideas and concepts in electronic form Has a physical form and size Permanent and invariable e. g. the disc of a game program Easily be varied e. g. the game program in a disc Volume 1 2. 1 12 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Basic Ideas of Programs Program is a set of computer instructions. Basic Ideas of Data is a form of raw facts and figures and it is processed into information. Volume 1 2. 1 13 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

The Relationship between Program & Data Programs are to be executed by a computer. Data is to be processed by programs to produce useful information. Input device data Programs executed by computers Output device Disk Update data Result (information) Process data CPU Volume 1 2. 1 14 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

Try to compare the differences between hardware and software. You can discuss them with your classmates based on the following criteria. 1. function 2. appearance 3. price 4. others Volume 1 2. 1 15 Excellence Publication Co. Ltd.

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