Volcanoes for dummies By Ethan Banks 11032010 Volcanoes

Volcanoes for dummies By Ethan Banks 11/03/2010 Volcanoes

Shield Volcanoes A shield volcano is a broad, gently sloping, volcano where gently flowing lava hardens and gradually builds up. This is the shield volcano Mauna Loa in Hawaii. Side vent crater Main chamber Lava flow

Composite Volcano Layers of lava alternate ash, cinders, and bombs, to make up a composite volcano which has both quiet and explosive eruptions. crater Layer of ash Central vent layers of lava

Cinder Cone When cinders erupt explosively from a volcano vent, they pile Volcano up around the vent creating a cone shaped hill called a cinder cone volcano. crater cinders Main vent layers of cinders

Caldera A caldera is a volcano that has blown all of its contents becomes a hollow shell. One of the biggest calderas is Crater Lake in Oregon. Lake in old crater extinct magma chamber Blown off top

Hot Springs and Geysers A hot spring is where ground-water has been heated inside a pool. A geyser is where water trapped underground sprays from underground. The most famous geyser is “Old Faithful” in Yellowstone Nat. Park spray of water Lava pipe Underground pool Pool of water Lava touching water

Extra, extra! Did you know that there are two different kinds of lava? The two kinds are, Pahoehoe ( pah hoh ee ) and aa (ah ah). Pahoehoe is a runny, thin lava that flows easily. Aa is cooler, slow moving lava that hardens into huge chunks. Pahoehoe volcano Cooled Pahoehoe Cooled aa Aa volcano Moving aa Moving Pahoehoe