Volcanoes By Your Name What is a Volcano

Volcanoes By: Your Name

What is a Volcano? • A volcano is a _______ spot in the ____ where molten materials, or _____, comes to the surface.

Types of Volcanoes

Shield Volcano • At some places on Earth’s surface, thin layers of ______ pour out of a vent and harden on top of previous layers. Such lava flows gradually build a _______, gently sloping mountain called a _____ volcano • Shield Volcanoes rising from a ______ on the ocean floor created the ______. • Ex:

Cinder Cone Volcanoes • If a volcano’s lava has a ______ viscosity, ti may produce _____, _______, and bombs. • These materials build up around the _____ in a steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain called a _______. • Ex:

Composite Volcanoes • Composite volcanoes are ______, coneshaped mountains in which layers of ______ alternate with layers of ______. • Ex:

Lava Plateaus • Instead of forming mountains, some eruptions of lava form high, level areas called _____. • First, ______ flows out of several long cracks. • Next, runny lava travels far before _____ and ______. • After millions of years, these layers of ____ can form high ____. • Ex:

Calderas • The huge ______ left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain is called a ______. • The hole is filled with the pieces of the ______ that have fallen inward, as well as some _______ and _______. • Ex:

Features formed by Magma

Volcanic Neck • A volcanic neck forms when ______ hardens in a volcano’s pipe. • The ______ rock around the ______ wears away, exposing the hard rock for the volcanic neck. • Ex:

Dikes & Sills • Magma that forces itself across rock layers _____ into a ____. • When magma squeezes between _____ layers of rock, it forms a _____. • Example of a sill:

Batholiths • Large rock masses called ______ form the core of many mountain ranges. • A batholith is a _____ of rock formed when a _______ body of _______ cools inside the _______.

Dome Mountains • A dome mountain forms when _____ pushes a batholith or a smaller body of hardened _______ towards the surface. • The hardened magma forces the layers of rock to bend _______ into a ______ shape. • Ex:

Types of Geothermal Activity

Hot Springs • A hot spring forms when ______ is ____ by a nearby body of ______ or by hot rock deep underground. • The _____ water rises to the _____ and collects in a natural pool. • Water from hot springs may contain ________ and other substances from deep within the Earth.

Geysers • Sometimes, rising hot water and steam become trapped underground in a narrow crack. • Pressure builds until the _____ suddenly sprays above the _____ as a geyser. • A geyser is a ______ of water and steam that ____ from the ground. • EX: