VOLCANO REVISION Lesson objective To consolidate knowledge ready

VOLCANO REVISION Lesson objective: To consolidate knowledge ready for the exam.

Plate names North American Eurasian Pacific African Nazca South American Indo-Australian Plate Antarctic

Where are volcanoes found? Around which plate do we find most volcanoes?

Destructive plate boundary

Destructive plate boundary Match the labels to the letters. F E A B D 1. oceanic plate C 2. The oceanic crust sinks under the less dense continental crust. 4. continental crust 5. explosive volcanoes 3. The oceanic crust melts and rises. 6. mantle

Volcano shapes Why do volcanoes have different shapes?

Volcano shapes

Predicting eruptions

Why do people live in volcanic areas? This lava is weathered (broken down) to form a fertile soil. Can you think of any other reasons? Tourists are attracted to areas of volcanic activity. Geothermal energy can be produced in many volcanic areas.

How can we measure earthquakes? The Richter Scale This measures the magnitude of a tremor (how powerful it is) using an instrument called a seismograph. On the Richter Scale, magnitude is expressed in whole numbers and decimal fractions. Although the Richter Scale has no upper limit, the largest earthquake ever recorded was in 1960 in Chile. It measured 9. 5 on the Richter Scale. It is a logarithmic scale which means that a size ‘ 6’ on the Richter Scale is 10 times larger than a size ‘ 5’ and 100 times larger than a size ‘ 4’.

A seismograph

How can we limit earthquake damage? predict plan water levels can rise in wells and lakes because of cracks in the rock protect a tiltmeter can check any movement within the rocks Predict foreshocks before the main quake can be detected by a seismometer animals can act strangely before the earthquake

How can we limit earthquake damage? Plan and protect

MONTSERRAT • Montserrat is in the Caribbean • It is part of a string of islands created by volcanic eruptions • The volcano was in the Soufriere hills • The volcano began in to awaken in 1995. • In 1997 a large pyroclastic flow destroys a lot of the island kills 19 people. • The island is covered in thick ash.

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE REFUGEES? • • Some sleep in church halls Some that could afford it moved away People share a toilet In shelters there is only one fridge between 57 women and children • They live in fear of another eruption.

TASK • Draw a spider diagram that gives information about volcanos, earthquakes and tectonic plates.