Volcanic Landforms Landforms From Lava and Ash 1

Volcanic Landforms

Landforms From Lava and Ash 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Shield Volcanoes Cinder Cone Volcanoes Composite Volcanoes Lava Plateaus Calderas Soils

Shield Volcanoes • • • Formed from lava flows Wide Gently-sloped Mountain Low-viscosity lava

Cinder Cone Volcanoes • • • Formed from pyroclastic flows Steeply-sloped Cone-shaped Hill or small mountain High viscosity magma

Composite Volcanoes • Formed from both lava flows and pyroclastic flows • Layers of pyroclastic material and lava • Gently sloped base and steep peak • Mountain • Snow on peak all year long

Lava Plateaus • High, level areas from lava flows • Lava flows out of cracks • Low viscosity • “Floods” of lava

Caldera • Huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain • Fills with water

Soils • Volcanic material is loaded with minerals • Very fertile (able to support plant growth)

Landforms From Magma 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Volcanic Necks Dikes Sills Batholiths Dome Mountains

Volcanic Necks • Leftover pipe from an eroded volcano

Dike • Magma intrusion that cuts through rock layers • Can be thick or thin

Sill • Magma intrusion that lies parallel with rock layers • Can be thick or thin

Batholith • HUGE block of cooled magma that can cover huge amounts of area • Gets lifted up through plate tectonics

Dome Mountain • Magma cools underground • Gets lifted up • Looks like a dome

Geothermal Activity 1. Hot Springs 2. Geysers 3. Geothermal Energy

Hot Springs • Water heated by magma • Rises to the surface of the Earth

Geyser • Hot spring that has a plugged up vent/opening • Traps the gas • Causes the water to explode. .

Geothermal Energy • • Water heated by magma Water trapped Turns turbine Makes energy