Voice over Internet Protocol Vo IP MIS 304

Voice over Internet Protocol (Vo. IP) MIS 304 December 3, 2009 Presented by group 7 : Cassie Macapinlac, Jolly Phan Thomas Cooper, Kyoung In Kim, Norinao Haruna

Contents 1. Introduction 2. History of Vo. IP 3. Background Information 4. Benefits of Using Vo. IP 5. Business Culture and Vo. IP 6. Challenges of Vo. IP 7. Conclusion

Introduction • Voice over Internet Protocol (Vo. IP) A technology that helps communications which allows consumers to make and receive phone calls over broadband internet connections instead of using typical analog telephone landlines such as PSTN.

History • 1995 - Vocaltec, Inc. introduced its Internet Phone software. • 2000 - Networking manufacturers introduce equipment to routes and switches Vo. IP traffic. • 2004 - Commercial Vo. IP services were provided over broadband internet access as a major development. • 2009 - 256 million users of Vo. IP around the world.

How It Works

Three Methods of Connecting to Vo. IP • Analog Telephone Adapter (ATA) • Vo. IP phones • Computer-to-Computer

Analog Telephone Adapter (ATA) • Analog to digital converter that allows you to connect standard phones to your computer or your internet connection.

Vo. IP Phones • Which looks like an ordinary corded or cordless telephone and is dedicated as an actual phone that allow calls without using the computer

Computer-to-Computer • Installed software on a computer which allows Vo. IP calling without a dedicated hardware.

Benefits of Vo. IP • Save money and cost efficient • Integration with audio, data, and video applications • Flexibility • Ability to choose our own area codes • Offer features for free

Benefits of Vo. IP • Save money and cost efficient Using Vo. IP, a lot cheaper than our normal landline telephone cost, be it short or long distance calls. (for use of both residence and business)

Benefits of Vo. IP • Integration with Audio, Data, and Video Applications we can save more money and energy by using our phone while accessing all our other programs and surf the Internet at the same time

Benefits of Vo. IP • Flexibility We can take our Vo. IP Adaptors anywhere and use our number anywhere there's an Internet connection(Travelling overseas, staying in hotels, etc. . )

Benefits of Vo. IP • Ability to choose our own area codes By having the ability to choose our own area code, they are able to call us and will be charged as a local call (they don’t have to pay for long distance charges).

Benefits of Vo. IP • Offer Features for Free Features that typically cost extra with normal phones are bundled with Vo. IP. (features: Voice Mail, Call Forwarding, Call Waiting)

Business Culture and Vo. IP • Culture Development or improvement of education or training. • Business Culture Refers to the punctuality, risk, power distance, making decisions, and Business Contacts of the organization.

Business Culture and Vo. IP • Virtual work “Work performed away from the traditional physical workplace by means of information technology. ”

Business Culture and Vo. IP • Vo. IP affects distant communication in the business world to a more meaningful and timely direction, making the business culture communication, power distance, decision making seemingly more leisurely.

Business Culture and Vo. IP • Advancing Technology Makes lives, in the business world, easier. • There is no long distance fees for calls either!

Business Culture and Vo. IP • Communication brings two people together, one conveys a message and the other interprets it. • Emails are broad and do not convey a interactive message. • Vo. IP does convey a meaningful, interactive, imely, and relevant message.

Challenges of Vo. IP • Level of service quality § Data travels with fixed maximum capacity -Prone to congestion & Denial-of-Service Attacks § Quality of Service (Qo. S) - Jitter - Latency § Possible counterattacks? -Teletraffic engineering - Multi-path routing

Challenges of Vo. IP • Bandwidth Difference § Bandwidth Range of frequencies through which data is transmitted. Often associated with “connection speed. ” § Greater connection speed, better the quality § No internet, no phone line - Annoying at home - Catastrophic for business

Challenges of Vo. IP § Shared connection - Multiple users = difficult to provide to adequate - Bandwidth all the time § Solution? - Minimize Internet connection usage for things other than Vo. IP during conversations.

Challenges of Vo. IP • Power Differences § Susceptible to Power Failures - Modems, routers, ATA or other Vo. IP hardware require electric power supplies to work - Power interruptions mean no service! § Possible solution? - Use customer premise equipment (like cable modems) with battery-backed power supplies - Assures uninterrupted service for up to several hours

Challenges of Vo. IP • Security issue § Susceptible to attack like any other internet-connected device § Hackers can -Institute denial-of-service attacks -Harvest customer data -Record conversations -Break into voice mailboxes

Challenges of Vo. IP §Many do not support encryption -Relatively “easy” to eavesdrop on Vo. IP calls and even change their content § Possible solutions? To protect confidential & classified conversations: -Voice over Secure IP (Vo. SIP) -Secure Voice over IP (SVo. IP) -Secure Voice over Secure IP (SVo. SIP)

Challenges of Vo. IP • Emergency call § No relationship between IP address and physical location -Address reveals no useful information for emergency services. -Cannot easily be routed to a nearby call center § IP addresses - Dynamically assigned - ISP allocates an address for online access or the time a broadband router is engaged. - ISP recognizes individual IP addresses, but not the corresponding physical location

Challenges of Vo. IP § Possible solution? -Use a database to find that user and the physical address the user chose to associate with that telephone number—imperfect solution. Ex: Vo. IP Enhanced 911

Challenges of Vo. IP • Legal issue § Issues about Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act § National Security Agency (NSA) § Federal Communications Commission (FCC) § Some places have banned ALL Vo. IP technologies

Conclusion

Question & Comments? ? ?