Vocalizations Calls vs Songs Whistled versus Harmonic mobbing
Vocalizations Calls vs. Songs Whistled versus Harmonic mobbing
Box 8 -2
Song
Bronchi Fig 8 -6
Oscines have more complex syringeal muscles Suboscine Oscine
Song quality affected by anatomy
Innate song Learned song Oscines Columbiformes Suboscines Psittacidae Tyrannidae Trochilidae
Song learning in Sparrows Final song Learned Genetic template
Song sparrow Model song What do I sing? Juvenile White-crowned Sparrow Exposed to 2 song models White-crowned model song
What does this result mean? What do these two mean? What does this result mean?
Song dialects of White-crowned Sparrows
Variation in song learning in song birds 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Short sensitive period vs. life-long learners Repertoire of single song vs. 1000 s of syllables (Brown Thrasher) Produce faithful copy of song model vs improvise (Sedge Wrens) Need exposure to conspecific song vs develop song in isolation (Grey Catbird) Copy tutor song if it fits template vs copy anything! (Mockingbirds)
“it was widely held that brain cells, once lost, could not be replaced. …work on the song system changed the prevailing view. ” Auditory input =Field L Song production = Hvc, RA, etc Fernando Nottebohm HVC bigger in males Enlarges in spring with song and with repertoire size As a result repertoire size may Indicate male quality during development/immune system Avian song system Song Learning = LMAN, Area X, DLM
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