Vocabulary CHAPTERS 11 12 13 14 Chapter 11
Vocabulary CHAPTERS 11, 12, 13, 14
Chapter 11 �Inauguration: A formal ceremony to mark the beginning of something, such as a president’s term of office. �Aliens: People who have come from other countries and are not yet citizens. �Sedition: The crime of encouraging rebellion against the government.
Chapter 11 �Nullify: To refuse to recognize a federal law. This action by a state is called nullification. �States’ Rights: All rights kept by the states under the Constitution. Supporters of the state’s rights sometimes argued that states were not obliged to honor federal laws that they believed violated the Constitution.
Chapter 12 �Foreign Policy: Guidelines for how a country handles political and economic interactions with other countries. �Neutrality: A policy of not choosing sides in a war or dispute between other countries.
Chapter 12 �Isolationism: A policy of avoiding political or military agreements with other countries; first established by George Washington. �Embargo: A government order that stops merchant ships from leaving or entering a country’s ports. �Blockade: A closing off of an area to keep people or supplies from going in or out.
Chapter 12 �Secretary of State: The head of the State Department, who oversees matters relating to foreign countries. The secretary of state is an important member of the president’s cabinet. �Doctrine: A statement of official government policy, especially in foreign affairs.
Chapter 13 �Capitalism: An economic system based on the private ownership of farms and businesses �Folk Art: Art made by ordinary people (as opposed to trained artists) using traditional methods �Spiritual: A religious folk song of African American origin
Chapter 14 �Well-Born: Born to an upper-class (wealthy, respected) family �Self-Made: Achieving wealth or influence through one’s own effort rather than being born to a privileged family �Civil Servants: Employees of the government
Chapter 14 �Spoils System: The practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs �Tariff: A tax imposed by the government on goods imported from another country �Secede: To withdraw from an organization or alliance; in this case, to withdraw from the United States
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