Vocab List 21 Bailiffs Hobo Soap Opera Public

Vocab List 21 -Bailiffs -Hobo -Soap Opera -Public Works -Foreclose -Relief

The Great Depression Life during the Great Depression

I. Background • • How bad was it? o 25% 1 in 4 Unemployed o 30, 000 Companies went out of business o 2, 000 Banks suspended operations o Many starved, had to find food in garbage President Herbert Hoover o Elected in 1928 o Counseled by all economists to do nothing (Laissez-Faire) o Did very little compared to FDR (next lectures) o People lived in shanty towns and they called them hoovervilles-blaming him for their horrible life

II. Struggling to Get By • • • A) Jobless would go hungry o Stood outside Breadlines / soup kitchens B) Could not afford rent/mortgage o Would not move out o Bailiffs had to evict them C) Many young men became hoboes (AKA Train Kids) D) Many immigrants returned to native countries o Forced to return by government o Deported many E) Severe Drought in middle america creates dust bowl- dry land led to dust storms. Many died of suffocation.

Great Depression History Channel

III. Arts & Entertainment • • Movies still boomed (escaped worries) o Walt Disney produces Snow White 1937 o MGM: Wizard of Oz 1939 o Gone with the Wind Soap Operas became a thing Photography booms - LIFE magazine starts from publisher TIME Grant Wood pains American Gothic

Trailer to Wizard of OZ

IV. Hoover’s Hopes • Although counseled by all his economists to do nothing he still did some things (Not enough!) o 1) Met with industrialists (rich dudes) to maintain wage rates o 2) Raised Taxes for the rich o 3) Pushed for private charity (from rich dudes) under the: § Presidents Organization for Unemployment Relief = POUR. . § Raised $60 m but not enough

V. ‘Merica gets Angry • • • A) Hunger Marches - Constant looting and protests over hunger. 1, 200 marched on DC in 1932. B) Farm Foreclosures - Farms, with low profits and high debts, lose their farms. Begin burning all crops (people are starving) to raise prices. C) Bonus Army - WW 1 Veterans promised a bonus in 1945. Demanded an early payment of bonus to survive. o 15, 000 veterans marched into DC o 700 (current) Soldiers begin attacking unarmed veterans, killing two. o Disgraces Hoover’s presidency.

Video Bonus Army If there is time

V. In Sum. . . • • • Herbert Hoover had no chance at re-election Franklin Delanor Roosevelt (FDR) - will make the New Deal his campaign slogan Relief, Recovery and Reform on the way!!