Vitamins Water soluble and Fat soluble Grade 11
Vitamins Water soluble and Fat soluble Grade 11 Term 2 Week 3 Lesson 1
Vitamins • Organic compounds needed by the body for growth • Development and maintenance of life • Building tissues • Removal of body waste • Most vitamins not manufactured by the body • Must be obtained from the diet
Classification of vitamins
Fat soluble and water soluble Water-soluble • B group vitamins and Vitamin C • Dissolve in water • Cannot be stored by the body • Must be consumed regularly • Easily destroyed by light and heat • Use as fresh as possible Fat - soluble • Vitamin A, D, E & K • Dissolve in fat • Not easily secreted by the body • Too much intake can produce toxic levels in the body
Water soluble B vitamins
Vitamin B 1 (Thiamine) Functions Ø Release of energy from carbohydrates, proteins and fats Ø Essential for normal growth Ø Correct functioning of nervous system Ø Maintains muscle tone Deficiency Ø Beriberi Ø Oedema Ø Mental confusion Ø Heart and nerve problems Ø Numbness in hands & feet Ø Leg cramps Ø Fatigue Excess Ø Unknown Sources of Vitamin B 1
Vitamin B 2 (Riboflavin) Functions Ø Metabolism of proteins, fatty acids & carbohydrates Ø Essential for growth Ø Maintains nervous system Ø Correct functioning of enzymes Deficiency Ø Sore & swollen tongue Ø Cracks at corners of mouth Ø Growth failure Ø Skin disorders Ø Eye diseases Excess Ø Unknown
Vitamin B 3 (Niacin) Functions Ø Metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids Ø Normal functioning of the digestive & Sources of Vitamin B 3 nervous system Ø Essential for healthy skin Deficiency Ø Pellagra Ø Diarrhoea Ø Depression Ø Anxiety Ø Skin rashes Excess Ø Liver abnormalities Ø Low toxicity Ø Increase blood sugar level
EXAMPLES OF DEFICIENCIES Beriberi deficiency of Vitamin B 1 Eye disease deficiency of Vitamin B 2 Pellagra Deficiency of Vitamin B 3
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