VIRGINIA HENDERSONS THEORY Learning Objectives 1 Describe Hendersons

VIRGINIA HENDERSON’S THEORY

Learning Objectives 1. Describe Henderson’s Definition of Nursing 2. List the 14 basic needs that figure prominently in Henderson’s vision of nursing care. 3. Discuss how Henderson address the four concepts of the nursing meta-paradigm.

EVOLUTION OF THEORY Virginia Henderson was the nursetheorist who devoted her career to defining nursing practice. She believed that an occupation that affects human life

Her ideas about definition of nursing were influenced by her nursing education and practice In 1966, Henderson’s first definition of nursing was published in Bertha harmer’s revised nursing text book.

Definition The Henderson theory of nursing encompasses a definition of nursing, a description of the function of nurse, and the enumeration of the 14 components that make up basic nursing care.

FUNDAMENTAL NEEDS OF HUMAN ACCORDING TO VIRGINIA HENDERSON

Functions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Breath Eat and drink Eliminate wastes Move Sleep Dress Maintain body temperature Keep clean Avoid dangers or hurting others

10. Communicate 11. Worship 12. Work to gain a sense of accomplishment 13. Participate in recreation 14. Learn and discover

MATAPARADIGM OF HENDERSON’S THEORY INDIVIDUAL: Have basic needs that are component of health. Requiring assistance to achieve health and independence or a peaceful death. Mind and body are inseparable and interrelated.

INDIVIDUAL: Considers the biological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual components. The theory presents the patient as a sum of parts with bio-psychosocial needs.

MATAPARADIGM OF HENDERSON’S THEORY ENVIRONMENT Settings in which an individual learns unique pattern for living. All external conditions and influences that affect life and development.

Individuals in relation to families. Minimally discusses the impact of the community on the individual and family. Basic nursing care involves providing conditions under which the patient can perform the 14 activities unaided.

MATAPARADIGM OF HENDERSON’S THEORY HEALTH • Definition based on individual’s ability to function independently as outlined in the 1 4 components. • Nurses need to stress promotion and prevention of health and cure of disease • Good health is a challenge

HENDERSON’S THEORY AND NURSING PROCESS Nursing assessment: Assess needs of human being based in the 1 4 components of basic nursing care. Nursing Diagnosis: Identify individual’s ability to meet own needs. Nursing Plan: Document how the nurse can assist the individual, sick or well.

Nursing Implementation Assist the sick or well individual in to performance of activities in meeting human needs to maintain health, recover from illness, or to aid in peaceful death.

Nursing Evaluation Use the acceptable definition of nursing and appropriate laws related to the practice of nursing. The quality of care is drastically affected by the preparation and native ability of the nursing personnel rather that the amount of hours of care.

STRENGTHS The concept of nursing formulated by Henderson in her definition of nursing and the 14 components of basic nursing is uncomplicated and self-explanatory. Therefore, it can be used without difficulty as a guide for nursing practice by most nurses. Henderson’s work is relatively simple yet generalizable with some limitations. Her work can be applied to the health of individuals of all ages. Each of the 14 activities can be the basis for research. 18

WEAKNESS A major shortcoming in her work is the lack of a conceptual linkage between physiological and other human characteristics. No concept of the holistic nature of human being. Lacks inter-relate of factors and the influence of nursing care. 19

BIBLIOGRAPHY • Basavanthappa BT. Nursing theories. 1 st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher; 2007. p. 61 -65. • Basavanthappa BT. Fundamentals of nursing. 2 nd ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher; 2007. p. 52. • Kozieranderb’s. nursing. 8 th 2009. p. 43 -44. • Sr. Nancy. practice Fundamental of ed. New Delhi: Pearson; Principles and of nursing. 6 th Indore: N. R. Brothers; 2007. p. 602 -603. ed. • http: //currentnursing. com/nursing_theory/Hen derson. html 20

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