VII Science and Technology Science and Technology are

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VII. Science and Technology

VII. Science and Technology

 • Science and Technology are important parts of culture. • Science – the

• Science and Technology are important parts of culture. • Science – the active process of acquiring knowledge of the natural world. • Technology is the way in which people use tools and machines.

A. Technology and Progress • Early humans made gradual advances in technology. • About

A. Technology and Progress • Early humans made gradual advances in technology. • About 3 million years ago, people first learned how to make tools and weapons out of stone • later on, they discovered how to control fire

 • Technological advances changed cultures • early humans were hunters and gatherers who

• Technological advances changed cultures • early humans were hunters and gatherers who traveled from place to find food. • Later, people discovered how to grow crops.

 • They also tamed wild animals for farming and also used them for

• They also tamed wild animals for farming and also used them for food • Overtime, people began to rely on agricultural and domesticated animals for the majority of their food.

 • Agriculture provided a steady and reliable food source • This allowed people

• Agriculture provided a steady and reliable food source • This allowed people to settle in one area permanently. • These settlements eventually turned into cities

 • As cities developed, people began to create government to watch over the

• As cities developed, people began to create government to watch over the people • People also developed systems of writing that helped people write laws

 • All of these advances led to the development of the first civilizations

• All of these advances led to the development of the first civilizations about 5, 000 years ago • Civilization – a society with a complex culture

 • As civilization became more advanced, they developed new technology to make their

• As civilization became more advanced, they developed new technology to make their lives easier • For example, many cultures created irrigation canals to provide their crops with much need water • irrigation – supply of water to crops

 • Cultures that lacked these new technologies developed much more slowly • Eventually,

• Cultures that lacked these new technologies developed much more slowly • Eventually, advanced technology would spread throughout the entire world.

B. Modern Technology • Beginning around 1800, people developed new technologies that used power-driven

B. Modern Technology • Beginning around 1800, people developed new technologies that used power-driven machinery • This was called the Industrial Revolution • It led to the growth of cities, science, and many new businesses

 • Eventually people developed technologies such as automobiles, airplanes, computers, and space travel

• Eventually people developed technologies such as automobiles, airplanes, computers, and space travel

 • All of these advances in technology have led to a rise in

• All of these advances in technology have led to a rise in people’s standard of living • Standard of Living – the level of comfort enjoyed by a person or a society. • Modern technology also helps to connect people, products and ideas.