VICTIMIZATION AND CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR CHAPTER 2 WHAT ABOUT

VICTIMIZATION AND CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR CHAPTER 2

WHAT ABOUT THE VICTIMS • WHAT ABOUT THE FAMILIES OF THE VICTIMS OF CRIMES • WHAT HAPPENS TO THE VICTIMS AFTER THE CRIME • CAN A CITY BE A VICTIM. HOW SO? • ARE PEOPLE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR OWN VICTIMIZATION • KEYS LEFT IN CAR • CAR LEFT UNLOCKED • GOING TO DANGEROUS AREAS

VOCAB MATCH • TAKE THE STACK OF VOCABULARY WORDS AND MATCH THEM WITH THE PROPER DEFINITION. TAKE TURNS • OR • RELAY RACE. BRING ME THE WORD AND DEFINITION THAT I ASK FOR

VICTIMOLOGY • HTTPS: //ONLINE. WVSTATEU. EDU/NEWS/CRIMINAL-JUSTICE/VICTIMOLOGY/ • READ THE ARTICLE DISCUSS WITH YOUR GROUP WHAT IS VICTIMOLOGY. HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE IT. • BE PREPARED TO SHARE WITH THE CLASS.

WHO IS VICTIMIZED • VICTIMIZATION- A FIELD OF CRIMINOLOGY THAT EXAMINES THE ROLE THE VICTIM PLAYS IN PRECIPITATING A CRIMINAL INCIDENT AND THE IMPACT OF CRIMES ON VICTIMS. • RESEARCH SHOWS THAT PEOPLE WHO ARE VICTIMIZED BY CRIME IN ONE YEAR ARE ALSO MORE LIKELY TO BE VICTIMIZED BY CRIME IN A SUBSEQUENT YEAR. • FACTORS INCLUDE • AGE • GENDER • INCOME WORK ROUTINES, WHERE THEY LIVE, WHERE THEY GO FOR RECREATION

THEORIES OF VICTIMIZATION • READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE • READ THEORY THAT YOU WERE ASSIGNED AGAIN. • DISCUSS WITH YOUR GROUP. WHAT IS YOUR THEORY ABOUT? • WHAT CAUSES SOMEONE TO BE A VICTIM. • DO YOU AGREE WITH YOUR THEORY? WHY OR WHY NOT. • DO YOU THINK A DIFFERENT THEORY IS BETTER? • SHARE WITH THE CLASS. • HTTPS: //SOAPBOXIE. COM/GOVERNMENT/THE-FOUR-THEORIES-OF-VICTIMIZATION

LIFESTYLE EXPOSURE THEORY • APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF CRIME AND VICTIMIZATION THAT EXAMINES THE DIFFERENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRIME OF DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS, SUCH AS THE YOUNG OR THE POOR, BASED ON WHERE THEY LIVE AND WORK AND ENGAGE IN LEISURE ACTIVITIES. • HTTPS: //SOAPBOXIE. COM/GOVERNMENT/THE-FOUR-THEORIES-OFVICTIMIZATION

ROUTINE ACTIVITIES THEORY • A VARIATION OF THE LIFESTYLE APPROACH THAT SEES CRIME ARISE IN TIMES AND PLACES WHERE THERE IS A CONVERGENCE OF SPECIFIC ELEMENTS MOTIVATED OFFENDERS, SUITABLE VICTIMS, AND A LACK OF CAPABLE GUARDIAN'S TO PREVENT OR DETER CRIMINAL ACTS. • DEVIANT PLACE THEORY- GREATER EXPOSURE TO DANGEROUS PLACES MAKES AN INDIVIDUAL MORE LIKELY TO BECOME THE VICTIM OF A CRIME • VICTIM PRECIPITATION THEORY- VICTIMS THEMSELVES MAY ACTUALLY INITIATE, EITHER PASSIVELY OR ACTIVELY, THE CRIMINAL ACT THAT ULTIMATELY LEADS TO INJURY OR DEATH • HTTPS: //SOAPBOXIE. COM/GOVERNMENT/THE-FOUR-THEORIES-OFVICTIMIZATION

WHAT CAN CAUSE SOMEONE TO BE A VICTIM • HTTPS: //WWW. SCIENCEDIRECT. COM/TOPICS/MEDICINE-AND-DENTISTRY/CRIME -VICTIM • READ THE ARTICLE “FORENSIC VICTIMOLOGY” AND LIST OUT WHAT ARE SOME FACTORS THAT CAN CAUSE ONE TO BE A VICTIM. DO YOU AGREE WITH THESE. • DOES THIS PUT THE BLAME ON THE VICTIM • WHY AND WHY NOT. NEED TO DEFEND BOTH SIDES. • I WILL PICK GROUPS TO BE ON BOTH SIDES OF THIS ARGUMENT.

INCOME AND VIOLENT CRIME • INCOME IS CLOSELY LINKED TO EXPOSURE TO VIOLENT CRIME • IT DETERMINES WHERE YOU LIVE, WORK, AND GO FOR RECREATION • MUST LIVE IN CRIME PRONE AREAS • CANT AFFORD SECURITY SYSTEMS. • CANT AVOID CONTACT WITH PEOPLE WHO ARE PRONE TO CRIME • PEOPLE WITH LOWER INCOMES ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE VICTIMIZED BY CRIME

CONTINUED…. • LIVING IN A CITY IS A KEY FACTOR. • VIOLENT CRIME OCCURS MAINLY IN LARGE CITIES • PHYSICAL CONDITION OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD • RESIDENTS ATTITUDE TOWARD SOCIETY AND THE LAW • OPPORTUNITY • SOCIAL CONTROL BY FAMILIES AND GOVERNMENT

WHO COMMITS VIOLENT CRIMES • MOST VICTIMS OF VIOLENT CRIMES KNOW THEIR OFFENDER • FEMALES WERE ATTACKED BY STRANGERS 31% OF THE TIME • MALES WERE ATTACKED BY STRANGERS 44% OF THE TIME

RECURRING VICTIMIZATION • REPETITIVE VICTIMIZATION • VICTIMIZATION OF AN INDIVIDUAL OR HOUSEHOLD BY MORE THAN ONE CRIME DURING A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME. EASY TARGETS AFTER BEING ROBBED GET NEW STUFF FROM INSURANCE REVICTIMIZATION- THE VICTIMIZATION DIRECTED AT AN INDIVIDUAL OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME, SUCH AS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.

VICTIM PRECIPITATION • THE ROLE OF VICTIMS IN FOSTERING THE CONTEXT OR TRIGGERING THE ACTION THAT LED TO THEIR VICTIMIZATION IN A CRIME • UNLOCKED CAR • KEYS LEFT IN CAR • DOES THIS MEAN THEY ASKED FOR IT OR DESERVED IT. NO!!!

IMPACT OF CRIME • IMAGINE YOU RECEIVED A COUPON FOR 1 FREE DINNER AT CHICK-FIL-A. • IS IT REALLY FREE? • WHAT WILL THIS FREE MEAL COST EVERYONE INVOLVED. • MAKE A LIST OF ALL COSTS

IMPACT OF CRIME FIND ARTICLES ON IMPACT OF CRIME. • WE ALL PAY FOR CRIME THROUGH HIGHER TAXES, HIGHER PRICES, AND FEAR • NOT ALL COSTS ARE MONEY • LOST PROPERTY • MEDICAL CARE • PAIN TRAUMA LOST QUALITY OF LIFE. • COSTS OF OPERATING THE CJ SYSTEM • 2008 CRIME COST 17. 4 BILLION, THAT IS JUST IN LOST PROPERTY

FEAR IS A COST OF CRIME • FEAR LIMITS FREEDOM • LIMITS ACTIVITIES TO SAFE AREAS AND AT SAFE TIMES • CREATES ANXIETIES • THE ONES WHO ARE LEAST LIKELY TO BE VICTIMS ARE THE MOST FEARFUL • WOMEN AND ELDERLY PEOPLE DON’T HAVE CLEAR PICTURE OF THEIR RISK OF CRIME IS DOWN FROM THE 1990 S

MEDIA SPREADS FEAR • CRIME DRAMAS. PEOPLE ARE ASSAULTED EVERY WEEK • LOCAL NEWS, • INTERNET • WHAT CAN THESE MEDIA OUTLET DO TO CREATE FEAR? • DISCUSS WITH TABLE. • WHAT SHOULD BE DONE.

CONDITIONS OF AN AREA • PUBLIC DRUNKENNESS • PUBLIC URINATION • AGGRESSIVE PANHANDLING • MENACING BEHAVIOR- BEING LOUD, SHOUTING AT PEOPLE • INSTILLS FEAR AND MAKES AREA FEEL UNSAFE • WHAT CAN THIS LEAD TO….

IMPACTS OF CRIME • PEOPLE AVOID AREA • STORES CLOSE • REAL ESTATE VALUE LOWERS • PEOPLE MOVE AWAY • HOWEVER THIS HELPS REDUCE VICTIMIZATION

VICTIM ISSUES • THEY ARE NOT WILLING TO HELP IF IT INVOLVES EMOTIONAL OR ECONOMIC COSTS • WHY IS THIS? • TALK TO YOUR TABLE ABOUT THIS AND WE WILL DISCUSS.

POSTER WALK JUSTICE FOR ALL ACT • 8 STATIONS • WRITE DOWN EACH RIGHT. DISCUSS WITH YOUR GROUP. ADD TO THE POSTER WHAT THIS MEANS TO YOU. • WHY IS THIS RULE IMPORTANT • ROTATE ON MY CALL

JUSTICE FOR ALL ACT • THE RIGHT TO BE REASONABLY PROTECTED FROM THE ACCUSED • THE RIGHT TO REASONABLE NOTICE OF ANY COURT PROCEEDING, PAROLE PROCEEDING=, RELEASE, OR ESCAPE OF THE ACCUSED • THE RIGHT NOT TO BE EXCLUDED FROM ANY COURT PROCEEDING UNLESS ATTENDANCE MIGHT AFFECT THE VICTIM’S TESTIMONY • THE RIGHT TO BE REASONABLY HEARD AT ANY PUBLIC PROCEEDING REGARDING RELEASE, PLEA, SENTENCING, OR PAROLE • THE REASONABLE RIGHT TO CONFER WITH FEDERAL PROSECUTOR

CONT… • THE RIGHT TO FULL AND TIMELY RESTITUTION AS PROVIDED BY LAW • THE RIGHT TO PROCEEDINGS FREE OF UNREASONABLE DELAY • THE RIGHT TO BE TREATED WITH FAIRNESS AND WITH RESPECT FOR THE VICTIMS DIGNITY AND PRIVACY.

VICTIMS CAN FILE CIVIL SUITS • VICTIMS CAN SUE THE OFFENDER • NOT HARD TO WIN IF PERSON IS CONVICTED • HOWEVER YOU WILL NEVER SEE MUCH OF THE MONEY • THAT KEEPS REMINDING YOU OF WHAT HAPPENED’ • IT KEEPS THE PERSON IN YOUR LIFE

ROLES OF VICTIMS IN CRIME • ACTION OR INACTION CAN MAKE THEM TARGETS. • DOES NOT MEAN ITS THEIR FAULT. • A VICTIM CAN DECREASE OR INCREASE THEIR RISK. • LEAVE KEYS IN CAR, GO TO UNSAFE AREAS, • PROVOKE SOMEONE- YELLING AT THEM. MAKING FUN OF THEM • NOT HELPING WITH THE INVESTIGATION

CAUSES OF CRIME • WHY DO PEOPLE COMMIT CRIME • DISCUSS WITH YOUR GROUP • CREATE A PUBLIC SERVICE POSTER ABOUT HOW NOT TO BE A VICTIM OF A CRIME.

CLASSICAL THEORY VS POSITIVIST THEORY • GROUPS 1, 2, 3 – READ • HTTPS: //LEGALBEAGLE. COM/7457240 -CLASSICAL-THEORIES-CRIMINALJUSTICE. HTML • GROUP 1 WILL TEACH THECLASS ABOUT THE IDEA BEHIND CLASSICAL THEORY • GROUP 2 WILL TEACH THE CLASS ABOUT THE FEATURES OF CLASSICAL THEORY • GROUP 1 AND 2 WILL TEACH THE CLASS ABOUT IMPACT AND CONSIDERATIONS OF CLASSICAL THEORY

• GROUPS 1, 2, 3 – READ • HTTPS: //WWW. LAWTEACHER. NET/FREE-LAWESSAYS/CRIMINOLOGY/POSITIVIST-APPROACHES-TO-CRIME. PHP • GROUP 3 WILL TEACH THE CLASS ABOUT PARAGRAPH 1 • GROUP 4 WILL TEACH THE CLASS ABOUT PARAGRAPH 2 GROUP 5 WILL TEACH THE CLASS ABOUT PARAGRAPH 3 GROUP 6 WILL TEACH THE CLASS ABOUT PARAGRAPH 4

CLASSICAL THEORY • CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR IS RATIONAL, MOST PEOPLE HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO COMMIT A CRIME • PEOPLE MAY CHOOSE TO COMMIT A CRIME AFTER WEIGHING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS • FEAR OF PUNISHMENT IS WHAT KEEPS MOST PEOPLE IN CHECK. THEREFORE, THE SEVERITY, CERTAINTY AND SPEED OF PUNISHMENT AFFECT THE LEVEL OF CRIME. • THE PUNISHMENT SHOULD FIT THE CRIME. NOT THE PERSON WHO COMMITTED IT. • THE CJ SYSTEM MUST BE PREDICTABLE WITH LAWS AND PUNISHMENTS

NEOCLASSICAL CRIMINOLOGY • DECLINE IN THE 19 TH CENTURY DUE TO RISE OF SCIENCE AND IT DIDN’T TAKE ACCOUNT THE DIFFERENCES IN INDIVIDUALS OR THE WAY CRIME WAS COMMITTED. • 1980 S IT STARTED BACK UP. • INCARCERATION INCREASED

POSITIVIST CRIMINOLOGY • HUMAN BEHAVIOR IS CONTROLLED BY PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND SOCIAL FACTORS NOT BY FREE WILL. • CRIMINALS ARE DIFFERENT FROM NON-CRIMINALS • SCIENCE CAN BE USED TO DISCOVER CAUSES OF CRIME.

BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS • PEOPLE ARE BORN CRIMINALS • PHYSICAL TRAITS, STRONG, CANINE TEETH HUGE JAWS, HIGH CHEEKBONES. • INHERITED FROM THEIR MENTALLY DEFECTIVE ANCESTORS. • REPEAT OFFENDERS HAD TO BE STERILIZED • REVERSED IN 1942 • CONSIDERED RACIST AFTER WWII

NEW BIOLOGICAL INTEREST • GENETICS, BODY TYPE, IQ OUTWEIGH SOCIAL FACTORS AS FACTORS OF CRIME. • BRAIN TUMORS CAN AFFECT THE THOUGHT PROCESS • NUTRITION AND BEHAVIOR ARE LINKED • PEOPLE WHO EAT FISH ARE LESS HOSTILE

FREUD PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY • CRIME IS CAUSED BY UNCONSCIOUS FORCES • EARLY CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AFFECTED PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT • PERSONALITY IS MADE UP IN 3 POINTS • ID • CONTROLS THE EMOTIONAL DRIVES, PRIMARILY SEXUAL • EGO • RELATES DESIRES TO BEHAVIORS • SUPEREGO • JUDGES ACTIONS TO BE RIGHT OR WRONG

INDIVIDUAL PROJECT TIME • YOU WILL WRITE A CHILDREN’S BOOK ABOUT THE IMPACT OF CRIME. • YOUR STORY WILL INCLUDE A FAMILY THAT JUST HAD THEIR HOME BURGLARIZED AND THEY STOLE MANY ITEMS. • YOU MUST INCLUDE HOW EACH FAMILY MEMBER WAS IMPACTED. • THINK OF SCHOOL, RELATIONSHIPS WITH FRIENDS AND FAMILIES, SLEEPING AT NIGHT, TRUST, ATTITUDES TOWARD THE POLICE. POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE. ETC. • YOU MUST INCLUDE THE POSSIBLE IMPACTS OF THE COMMUNITY. • UNSAFE NEIGHBORHOOD, PEOPLE MOVING AWAY, LOCAL BUSINESSES, THE MORALS AND VALUES OF THE COMMUNITY. • DID THE COMMUNITY GROW STRONGER OR WEAKER.