VHF RADIO VHF Very High Frequency A vital

VHF RADIO à à à VHF = Very High Frequency A vital piece of safety equipment Clear, static-free messages 20 -30 miles 24 -hour contact with Coast Guard Contact other boats and shore stations 24 -hour source of weather information BS 98 03 -37 - B 97 03 -01 United States Power Squadrons®

USE YOUR VHF RADIO LEGALLY à Distress Calls – Danger to life and property à Safety Calls – Avoiding collision, safety bulletins à Operational Calls – Obtaining navigational information, supplies, accommodations, repairs; arranging to meet other boats. à Public Correspondence – with shore public telephone BS 98 03 -38 - B 97 03 -02 United States Power Squadrons®

CHANNEL 16 - DISTRESS, SAFETY AND CALLING à If you have your radio on, you must monitor channel 16 ( In Coast Guard District 1, Channel 09 may also used) à All boats monitoring this channel insures that distress messages will be heard BS 98 03 -40 - B 97 03 -03 United States Power Squadrons®

SPECIAL RADIO WORDS à “Affirmative” = You are correct à “Negative” = No à “Out” = I am through talking à “Over” = I am through talking; I expect a reply à “Roger” = I received your last call OK BS 98 03 -41 - B 97 03 -04 United States Power Squadrons®

EMERGENCY CALLS THE DISTRESS SIGNAL “MAYDAY” à For assistance when there is immediate danger to life and property à Examples • Life-threatening medical emergencies • Boat sinking • Boat on fire BS 98 03 -43 - B 97 03 -05 -1 United States Power Squadrons®

EMERGENCY CALLS THE URGENCY CALL “PAN-PAN” à For assistance when the danger does not warrant a “MAYDAY” call à Examples: • Running out of fuel • Lost in a fog • Unable to control or operate vessel BS 98 03 -44 - B 97 03 -05 -2 United States Power Squadrons®

EMERGENCY CALLS THE SAFETY SIGNAL “SECURITE” à For navigation safety messages à Examples: • Weather Alerts • Operational signals - backing out of a slip, approaching a blind bend • To report a navigational hazard, such as a sunken object in a busy channel BS 98 03 -45 - B 97 03 -05 -3 United States Power Squadrons®

EMERGENCY CALLS INFORMATION VITAL FOR OBTAINING ASSISTANCE à à Your location The nature of your distress Description of your boat Number of persons aboard (Any injured) à Seaworthiness of your boat BS 98 03 -42 - B 97 03 -06 United States Power Squadrons®

RECREATIONAL BOAT VHF CHANNELS 06 13 Ship to ship safety Navigational safety - ship to ship, locks and bridges 16 Distress, safety, calling 09 Alternative calling channel - ship to ship, ship to coast 22 Communication with Coast Guard after contacting on channel 16; for receiving CG safety information 68, 69, 71, 72, 78 - Working channels BS 98 03 -39 - B 97 03 -07 United States Power Squadrons®

Additional VHF Channels BS 98 03 -46 - B 97 03 -08 United States Power Squadrons®

“MARK” AN AID TO NAVIGATION YOU SEE WHILE BOATING TWO CATEGORIES OF MARKS à Lateral Marks • Marks starboard and port sides of a route à Non-Lateral Marks • Supplemental aids having no lateral significance BS 98 03 -01 - B 97 06 -01 United States Power Squadrons®

IDENTIFICATION OF “MARKS” à In Daylight • • Shapes Colors Numbers or letters Sounds à At Night • Light color and patterns • Sounds Always Locate Marks On Your Chart BS 98 03 -02 - B 97 06 -02 United States Power Squadrons®

TYPES OF “MARKS” à BUOYS • Floating marks anchored at specific locations à BEACONS • Fixed marks permanently fastened to the earth’s surface BS 98 03 -03 -1 - B 97 06 -03 United States Power Squadrons®

“BUOYS” à Floating Aids • Various shapes and colors à Position approximate à Identified by • Number, letters, sound devices and lights à Chart symbol • diamond with a small position circle • Magenta disc around position circle, if lighted BS 98 03 -03 -2 - B 97 06 -04 United States Power Squadrons®

“BEACONS” à Permanently fixed to Earth's surface à Examples: • Lighthouses • Daybeacons à Identified by: • Numbers, letters, sound devices, lights à Chart symbols: • Unlighted - small triangle or square • Lighted - magenta flare with a black position dot BS 98 03 -03 -3 - B 97 06 -05 United States Power Squadrons®

The “ 3 -R” Rule Red - Right - Returning à When Returning from sea, keep red sideof-channel marks to your starboard à “Returning” is: • Entering a harbor or bay from the open ocean • Traveling up a river from the sea • Traveling clockwise around the U. S. along it’s coastline – South along the Atlantic coast – West along the Gulf coast – North along the Pacific coast BS 98 03 -05 - B 97 06 -06 United States Power Squadrons®

TYPES OF SOUND SIGNALS BS 98 03 -11 - B 97 06 -08 United States Power Squadrons®

The General Rule of Responsibility à You must comply with The Rules à You must take every precaution required by the “ordinary practice of good seamanship” to avoid immediate danger, including collision. à “Precaution” may include departing from the rules. BS 98 03 -14 - B 97 12 -01 United States Power Squadrons®

Definition of Terms à Sailing Vessel · Under sail only à Power-Driven Vessel · Propelled by machinery à Give-Way Vessel · Must stay out of another vessel’s way à Stand-On Vessel · Not required to get out of the way, but must always avoid collision à Underway · Not at anchor, made fast to shore, or aground BS 98 03 -15 -1 - B 97 12 -02 -1 United States Power Squadrons®

Definition of Terms à Restricted Visibility · Any condition in which visibility is restricted à Vessel Not Under Command · Unable to maneuver as required by The Rules due to special circumstances, and therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel à Vessel Restricted in Ability to Maneuver · Unable to maneuver due to the nature of her work and unable to keep out of the way of another vessel BS 98 03 -15 -2 - B 97 12 -02 -2 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules à Apply in Three General Situations · Vessels in any condition of visibility · Vessels in sight of one another · Vessels in restricted visibility BS 98 03 -18 -1 - B 97 12 -03 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules In Any Condition of Visibility à Lookout · You must maintain a lookout at all times · You must be alert for other boats · Your lookout must be qualified and have no other duties à Safe Speed · You must always proceed at safe speed BS 98 03 -18 -4 - B 97 12 -04 -1 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules In Any Condition of Visibility à Proceeding in Narrow Channels · Keep as near to the outer edge of a channel that lies to your starboard side as is safe and practical · Do not impede vessels that can safely navigate only within a narrow channel à Rounding a Bend · Navigate with alertness and caution · Sound warning signals BS 98 03 -18 -5 - B 97 12 -04 -2 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules In Any Condition of Visibility à Vessel Priority (Except where required otherwise) • Vessels not under command • Vessels restricted in maneuverability • Vessels engaged in fishing • Power-driven vessels BS 98 03 -18 -3 - B 97 12 -04 -3 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules Vessels in Sight of One Another à Vessel Overtaking · The overtaking vessel must give-way · The vessel being overtaken must stand-on · The overtaking vessel, with proper signal, may pass on either side BS 98 03 -19 -1 - B 97 12 -05 -1 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules Vessels in Sight of One Another à Powerboats Meeting Head-On · Neither vessel has priority of movement · Both must take action to avoid collision · Vessels, with proper signal, may pass on either side BS 98 03 -19 -2 - B 97 12 -05 -2 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules Vessels in Sight of One Another à Powerboats Crossing · A power-driven vessel seeing another vessel crossing off its starboard side is the give-way vessel · The crossing vessel is the stand-on vessel, but must always take action to avoid collision BS 98 03 -19 -3 - B 97 12 -05 -3 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules Vessels In Sight Of One Another Win d Stand-On Vessel Give-Way Vessel Wind on starboard side Wind on port side Sailing vessels approaching one another each with wind on a different side BS 98 03 -19 -4 - B 97 12 -05 -4 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules Vessels In Sight Of One Another Win d Give-Way Vessel Stand-On Vessel Sailing vessels approaching one another both wind on the same side BS 98 03 -19 -5 - B 97 12 -05 -5 United States Power Squadrons®

Steering and Sailing Rules Vessels in Restricted Visibility à Proceed at a safe speed à Display running lights à Sound proper sound signals à Post lookouts and listen for other vessels BS 98 03 -17 -1 - B 97 12 -06 United States Power Squadrons®

Maneuvering and Warning Signals Short Blast - 1 Sec Prolonged Blast - 4 -6 Sec à Meeting, Overtaking, Crossing · I intend to pass you on my port side – 1 short · I intend to pass you on my starboard – 2 short à Operating Astern Propulsion – 3 short à Approaching a Blind Channel Bend or Departing a Dock or Mooring – 1 prolonged à DANGER SIGNAL – 5 or more short BS 98 03 -16 - B 97 12 -07 United States Power Squadrons®

Signals for Vessels at Anchor in Restricted Visibility BS 98 03 -17 -2 - B 97 12 -08 United States Power Squadrons®

Signals for Vessels Underway in Restricted Visibility BS 98 03 -17 -3 - B 97 12 -09 United States Power Squadrons®

Know the Lights on Large Vessels Especially tugs and tows! IT COULD SAVE YOUR LIFE! Don’t recognize the light you see? STAY AWAY! KEEP YOUR DISTANCE! BS 98 03 -20 - B 97 12 -18 United States Power Squadrons®

Mounting a Cleat with a Backing Block Cleat Deck Backing Block Apply caulking to the bolt holes between the deck and cleat before tightening BS 98 03 -25 - B 97 14 -03 United States Power Squadrons®

TOWING TECHNIQUES Transom Eyebolts Stern cleats with backing w o T To wi ng Bow Eye Bridle around boat BS 98 03 -26 - B 97 14 -04 United States Power Squadrons®

Man Overboard Recovery Procedures à Shout “Man Overboard” à Toss out a life preserver à Keep victim in sight à Stop forward motion and turn back to victim à Approach victim against wind/waves BS 98 03 -27 - B 97 14 -05 United States Power Squadrons®

Operating in Restricted Visibility à Reduce speed à Sound proper signals à Life jackets on all aboard à Post lookouts bow an stern à Navigation lights on à Listen for other boats à Determine position B 98 03 -30 - B 97 14 -09 United States Power Squadrons®

Reacting to a Collision à Account for crews - both boats à Give first aid if needed à Call for help if needed à Estimate your position à Life jackets on all aboard à Make emergency repairs if needed à Report accident as required BS 98 03 -33 - 97 14 -13 United States Power Squadrons®