VETBusiness Partnerships on Workbased learning and Apprenticeships VET
VET-Business Partnerships on Work-based learning and Apprenticeships VET 2 Business Curriculum: Successfully master intercultural encounters Module name: Are you intercultural competent? Module code: VET 2 B_IC-1 Unit name: The social level: cultural orientations Unit code: IC-1. 2 Author: IHK-Projektgesellschaft mb. H Project Number: 585211 -EPP-1 -2017 -1 -EL-EPPKA 3 -VET-APPREN
Aims and Objectives This presentation engages you to learn more about the cultural differences theory by Geert Hofstede. You will watch one of his videos, where he describes the core concepts of his theory such as cultural dimensions and cultural orientation. Afterwards you will build your own cultural profile. The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Learning outcomes • At the end of this activity you will be able to: – recognize the relation between socialization in a certain culture and social behavior (culture as mental programming – cultural dimensions) – describe your cultural profile and understand your own values and attitudes a little bit better The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
• • • Table of contents Section 1 - Watch the video! Section 2 - Summary of Hofstede's approach Section 3 - Instructions to build your own cultural profile Section 4 - Your own cultural profile – 1. Family Section 5 - Your own cultural profile – 2. Community Section 6 - Your own cultural profile – 3. Work Section 7 - Your own cultural profile – 4. Customs Section 8 - Your own cultural profile – 5. Sense of Space Section 9 - Your own cultural profile – 6. Time Synopsis List of references Presenter’s page The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Watch the video! Listen to Geert Hofstede, explaining “Recent Discoveries about Cultural Differences” in his video. Click here to start the video. The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Summary of Hofstede's approach In the past the term culture and its’ meaning were explored from different points of view. A well-known, widely taught approach origins from Geert Hofstede, a Dutch social psychologist. In the 1970 s little research about cultural differences had been done. At the same time there was a strong need to understand cope with those differences due to the worldwide expansion of companies and organizations. In this time Hofstede conducted large scale studies on IBM employees and subsidies to understand differences on “work related values” depending on the national context. From his observations he developed his concept of 4, later 6, different cultural dimensions representing “preferences for one state of affairs over another that distinguish countries (rather than individuals) from each other”. The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Summary of Hofstede's approach In this sense he defines “national culture as the collective programming of the human mind that distinguishes one group or category of people from another”. According to his theory national culture is represented in values, rituals, heroes and symbols of a nation while values are deemed to be the deepest level, thus changing only slowly. Cultural differences in organizations are visible as practices. The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Summary of Hofstede's approach According to Hofstede each nation scores with a certain number on a scale from 1 to 120 (or recalculate on Hofstede’s website from 1 to 100). Hofstede puts a strong emphasize on the fact that cultural differences only become visible when comparing different national cultures (“culture can be only used meaningfully by comparison”). His systematic framework for assessing and differentiating national cultures kept being tested and elaborated until nowadays. Although sometimes being perceived critically and old-fashioned Hofstede`s cultural dimensions can be a useful instrument in approaching the topic of cultural differences. The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Instructions to build your own cultural profile Use the following questions to look at various elements of culture. Pick one set of questions and reflect on it. You can just think about it or even take notes. Then continue with the other set… You can also discuss about them with a partner. This activity is intended to motivate your self-awareness and your own cultural values and orientations. Can you find example among your friends who act and think differently? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Your own cultural profile – 1. Family 1. Describe what the term “family” means to you. 2. When you talk about your family, whom does that include? 3. Do you put relationships or tasks first? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Your own cultural profile – 2. Community 1. Describe what the term “community” means to you. 2. Were you brought up in a community of people from your ethnic background? 3. Do you now live in a community of people from your ethnic background? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Your own cultural profile – 3. Work 1. Why did you choose the work you are doing now or are planning to do? 2. Is this work similar to the work of your parents or grandparents? 3. What do you consider to be rewarding work? 4. What do you value at work? (e. g. , independence, money, friendship, etc. ) 5. How do you view authority? For example, if a boss asks a subordinate to help with a task outside of work and outside of his or her job description, what would you advise? 6. How are you expected to dress for work? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Your own cultural profile – 4. Customs 1. What language do you use with your family, at work, and in your social environment? 2. What occasions and festivals do you celebrate? 3. What foods do you like to eat? 4. Have you always eaten these foods? 5. Does your culture of origin have special forms of address or titles for people who are older, have higher status, or special professions? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Your own cultural profile – 5. Sense of Space Sense of space 1. How do you like to be greeted? 2. How close or distant do you like people to stand when next to you? 3. What voice pitches and volume and what speed of spoken communication are you comfortable with? 4. What gestures and body language do you find challenging or confusing? For example, do you make eye contact with some people but not others? 5. What does eye contact mean to you? 6. How do you define privacy? What kinds of questions do you consider to be an invasion of privacy? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Your own cultural profile – 6. Time 1. What does time mean for you? 2. What are some proverbs about time in your language? i. e. “A stitch in time saves nine. ” “The early bird catches the worm. ” 3. What is “late” for you? 4. What do you typically do if you are late? 5. How do you react if someone else is late? 6. Do you feel that time is plentiful or scarce? The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Synopsis • During this activity you learned more about theory of cultural dimensions, that according to Geert Hofstede characterize (national) cultural backgrounds of people in terms of values, attitudes etc. • Now that you watched the video and finished the task to create your own cultural profile, you should be able to: – understand the relation of the cultural context you have been brought up and its influence on how you see the world – explain and critically reflect on Hofstede’s concept of cultural dimensions – reflect on your own cultural profile and relate it to profiles of others (you know or you will meet in the future) The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
List of references • Critical Incidents for Intercultural Communication: https: //www. norquest. ca/Norquest. College/media/pdf/centre s/intercultural/Critical. Incidents. Booklet. pdf (retrieved on 28 -02 -2019) • Project: Intercultural Competences in Vocational Training (2015 – 2017): https: //ec. europa. eu/programmes/erasmusplus/projects/eplus-project-details/#project/2015 -1 -DE 02 KA 202 -002520 (retrieved on 28 -02 -2019) • Video: Geert Hofstede - Recent Discoveries about Cultural Differences (2013): https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=LBv 1 w. Lu. Y 3 Ko (retrieved on 28 -02 -2019) • All photos are free and were purchased from Pixabay. com The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Presenter’s page IHK-Projektgesellschaft mb. H Frankfurt (Oder)/Germany www. ihk-projekt. de projekt@ihk-projekt. de The European Commission support for the production of this presentation does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
VET-Business Partnerships on Work-based learning and Apprenticeships Thank you for your attention! www. vet 2 business. eu @VET 2 Business @Vet 2 business. P Any copyright and Intellectual property laws must be respected and are the responsibility of the author. Project Number: 585211 -EPP-1 -2017 -1 -EL-EPPKA 3 -VET-APPREN
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