Verification Validation of Autonomous Systems Future Air Regulations

Verification & Validation of Autonomous Systems – Future Air Regulations & Certification 22 nd February 2016 Michael Gadd Policy Specialist, UAS and Spaceplanes Safety and Airspace Regulation Group 1

Introduction § Regulations § Certification § Challenges 2

But First … § Definitions § Autonomous Aircraft : An unmanned aircraft that does not allow pilot intervention in the management of the flight (ICAO). Autonomous operation: § An operation during which a remotely-piloted aircraft is operating without pilot intervention in the management of the flight (ICAO). § This does not mean there is no pilot. § Current legislation requires one pilot per aircraft as the person responsible for the safety of the flight (Convention Art. 8). § § So when an aircraft is operating autonomously, it may be that the responsibility is simply transferred to the designer or manufacturer. Ref. ICAO RPAS Manual – Doc. 10019, 1 st Edition 3

Regulations … The regulatory environment § Individual responsibility § Risk/safety/security picture and different agency roles § Enforcement § Insurance § The societal aspects § Public perceptions – risk vs benefits § Privacy / intrusion § Environmental – nuisance/noise § Education – users vs ‘recievers’ § 4

Certification … The “how to assure …safe enough…” § Higher Risk: § Well tested, approval based framework: § Individual “pillars” – Airworthiness, Operations, Competency, Airspace § Airworthiness -Type Certificate, Restricted TC / Permit to Fly § Lower Risk: § CONOPS framework: § “end to end” usage approach § Specific and Open Categories (UAS) § 5

The Challenges … The challenges § Legislative frameworks and responsibility in a global market based economy § Technology – COTS and Info Tech rather than aerospace § Processes, Costs, Timelines and Skillsets § 6

The Future - A Sci-Fi View ? 1968 1961 - Supercar 1982 - Bladerunner 1985 – B-T-T-F 1 Thank You 1997 – 5 th Element 2012 – Total Recall “Roads? Where we’re going we don’t need roads” 7