VERBALS What Are Verbals with Examples A verbal

VERBALS What Are Verbals? (with Examples) A verbal is a verb form which functions as a noun or an adjective. In English, there are three types of verbals: Participles (past participles and present participles). Gerunds Infinitives

GERUND A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing ( V-ing) and functions as a noun subject direct object subject complement object of preposition

Gerund as subject: Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences. Finding a needle in a haystack would be easier than what we're trying to do. Being the boss made Jeff feel uneasy. Gerund as object They do not appreciate my singing. He can’t help talking so loudly. I can’t stand her smoking in the office. She dislikes playing badminton. Have you finished working? She suggested going for a movie. Farah keeps talking about He enjoys not working.

Gerund after preposition Before leaving the house, she checked all windows. The police arrested him for speeding. You might get in trouble for faking an illness to avoid work. Gerund as a subject complement My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. Tom's favorite tactic has been jabbering away to his constituents. The best thing for your health is not smoking.

Infinitives The infinitive is used: After certain verbs, adjectives and nouns. a. Verb + infinitive They hope to reach the party on time. I want to try the new ice-cream flavour. b. Adjective + infinitive I’m happy to hear you are well. She’s delighted to see him. c. Noun + infinitive I’ve got some homework to do.

Gerunds and Infinitives Some verbs (e. g. love, hate, start, continue, begin, like, prefer) can take gerund or infinitive, with similar meanings. Examples: I love to eat chocolates. I love eating chocolates. I started to polish the car, but then decided not to. I started polishing the car, but then decided not to.

LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND 1. admit 2. advise 3. anticipate 4. appreciate 5. avoid 6. complete 7. consider 8. delay 9. deny 10. discuss 11. dislike 12. enjoy 13. finish 14. forget 15. can't help 16. keep 17. mention He admitted stealing the money. She advised waiting until tomorrow. I anticipate having a good time on vacation. I appreciated hearing from them. He avoided answering my question. I finally completed writing my term paper. I will consider going with you. He delayed leaving for school. She denied committing the crime. They discussed opening a new business. I dislike driving long distances. We enjoyed visiting them. She finished studying about ten. I'll never forget visiting Napoleon's tomb. I can't help worrying about it. I keep hoping he will come. She mentioned going to a movie. 18. mind 19. miss 20. postpone 21. practice 22. quit 23. recall 24. recollect 25. recommend 26. regret 27. remember 28. resent 29. resist 30. risk 31. stop 32. suggest 33. tolerate 34. understand Would you mind helping me with this? I miss being with my family. They postpone leaving until tomorrow. The athlete practiced throwing the ball. He quit trying to solve the problem. I don't recall meeting him before. I don't recollect meeting him before. She recommended seeing the show. I regret telling him my secret. I can remember meeting him when I was a child. I resent her interfering in my business. I couldn't resist eating the dessert. She risks losing all of her money. She stopped going to classes when she got sick. She suggested going to a movie. She won’t tolerate cheating during an examination. I don't understand his leaving school.

LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES 1. afford 2. agree 3. appear 4. arrange 5. ask 6. beg 7. care 8. claim 9. consent 10. decide 11. demand 12. deserve 13. expect 14. fail 15. forget 16. hesitate 17. hope 18. learn I can't afford to buy it They agreed to help us. She appears to be tired. I'll arrange to meet you at the airport. He asked to come with us. He begged to come with us. I don't care to 5 U that show. She claims to know a famous movie star. She finally consented to marry him. I have decided to leave on Monday I demand to know who is responsible. She deserves to win the prize. I expect to enter graduate school in the full. She failed to return the book to the library I forgot to mail the letter. Don't hesitate to ask for my help. Jack hopes to arrive next week. He learned to play the piano. 19. manage 20. mean 21. need 22. offer 23. plan 24. prepare 25. pretend 26. promise 27. refuse 28. regret 29. remember 30. seem 31. struggle 32. swear 33. threaten 34. volunteer 35. wait 36. want 37. wish She managed to finish her work early. I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. I need to have your opinion. They offered to help us. I am planning to have a party. We prepared to welcome them. I pretends not to understand. I promise not to be late. I refuse to believe his story. I regret to tell you that you failed. I remembered to lock the door. That cat seems to be friendly. 1 struggled to stay awake. She swore to tell the truth. She threatened to tell my parents. He volunteered to help us. I will wait to hear from you. I want to tell you something. She wishes to come with us.

VERBS FOLLOWED BY A (PRO) NOUN + AN INFINITIVE 51. instruct He instructed them to be careful. 38. advise 39. allow 40. ask 41. beg 42. cause 43. challenge 44. convince 45. dare 46. encourage 47. tweet 48. forbid 49. force 50. hire She advised me to visit until tomorrow. She allowed me to sue her car. I asked John to help us. They begged us to come Her laziness caused her to fail. She challenged me to race her to the corner. We couldn't convince him to accept our help. He dared me to do better than he had done. He encouraged me to try again. I expect you to be on time. I forbid you to tell him. They forced him to tell the truth. She hired a boy to mow the lawn. 52. invite 53. need 54. order 55. permit 56. persuade 57. remind 58. require 59. teach 60. tell 61. urge 62. want 63. want Harry invited the Johnson to come to his house. We needed Chris to help us figure out the solution The judge ordered me to pay a fine. He permitted the children to stay up late. I persuaded him to come for a visit. She reminded me to lock the door. Our teacher requires us to be on time. My brother taught me to swim. The doctor told me to take these pills. I urged her to apply for the lob. I want you to be happy. I warned you not to drive too fast.

Complete the sentences with the correct form, gerund or infinitive, of the words in parentheses. 1. Margaret challenged me _______ (race). 2. David volunteered _______ (bring) some food to the reception. 3. The students practiced _______ (pronounce) the "th" sound in the phrase "these thirty-three dirty trees. " 4. In the fairy tale, the wolf threatened _____ (eat) a girl named Little Red Riding Hood. 5. Susie! How many times do I have to remind you _______ (hang up) your coat when you get home from school? 6. The horses struggled _______ (pull) the wagon out of the mud. 7. Janice demanded _______ (know) why she had been fired. 8. My skin can't tolerate _______ (be) in ilk sun all day long. I get sunburned easily. 9. I avoided _______ (tell) Mary the truth because I knew she would be angry. 10. Fred Washington claims _______ (be) a descendant of George Washington. . 11. Alex broke the antique vase. I'm sure he didn't mean _______ (do) it. 12. I urged Al _______ (return) to school and (finish) his education. 13. Mrs. Freeman can't help _______ (worry) about her children. 14. I forbid you _______ (play) in the street. There's too much traffic. 15. My little cousin is a blabbermouth! He can't resist _______ (tell) everyone my secrets!

Gerund and infinitive Yuri was in his first year at university, studying History. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid _____ (work) whenever he could. In the middle of the semester, history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks. Yuri intended _____ (do) the assignment, but he postponed_____ (write) it for a week. The following week, he forgot _____ (do) it. The night before the assignment was due, he suddenly remembered it, and rushed to the library. He tried _____ (read) as much as possible on the topic, but there wasn't enough time. Yuri considered _____ (ask) for more time to do his paper, but the History professor was known to be very tough on students, so finally he decided_____ (cheat) and copy his paper from somewhere else. He found an old article on the same topic, and quickly typed it out. The next day, he submitted the paper. The following week, he was alarmed _____ (see) the professor approaching him, looking angry. "Is this your own work, or did you copy it? " asked the professor. Yuri denied _____ (copy) the paper. "If you expect me _____ (believe) that, you must think I am very stupid, " said the professor. "Every word is taken from an article I wrote myself five years ago. Did you really think I would forget _______(write) it? "

Gerunds and Infinitives A few verbs (such as ‘stop’, ‘remember’, ‘try’, ‘regret’ and ‘forget’) can be followed by either the gerund or the infinitive but the meanings are different. 1. 2. 3. 4. Try to find current news Try turning the TV off You remember watching the Oscars Remember to select the news that is worth your time 5. We shouldn’t stop to think which news is worth watching 6. Stop watching whatever is on 7. I regret to say I’m a fan myself! 8. We don’t regret wasting our time 9. News networks ‘forget to report the news related to other parts of the world. 10. We’re going to forget watching the 2010 World Cup final sooner than we think make an effort to see if you can do something difficult do something to see the result. recall a past experience not forget an obligation pause in an activity in order to do something else give up an activity feel sorry about something you are going to do or say feel sorry about something you did before not do something because you forgot about it do something and later forget that you did it

Gerunds and Infinitives 1. I always remember _______(turn) off all the lights before I leave my house. 2. I can remember _______(be) very proud and happy when I graduated. 3. I’ll never forget _______(carry) my wife over the threshold when we moved into our first home 4. I can’t ever forget _______(watch) our team score the winning goal in the last seconds of the game to capture the national championship. 5. Don’t forget _______(do) your homework tonight! 6. I regret _______ (inform) you that your loan application has not been approved. 7. I regret _______(listen, not) to my father’s advice. He was right. 8. When a student asks a question, the teacher always tries _______(explain) the problem as clearly as possible. 9. I tried everything, but the baby still wouldn’t stop crying. I tried _______(hold) him. I tried _______(feed) him. I tried (burp) him. I tried _______(change) his diapers. Nothing worked.