Verbals Gerunds Participles Infinitives Gerunds A gerund is

Verbals Gerunds Participles Infinitives

Gerunds • A gerund is a verb form ending in –ing that is used as a noun –It is part verb and part noun –Formed by adding -ing to the plain form of the verb –Function in any way a noun functions

• Singing is fun. • Their favorite exercise is running. • Shelly likes swimming. • Get special shoes for running.

Gerund phrase • A gerund phrase consists of a gerund along with its complements and modifiers, all of which together act as a noun. Ahhhhh!

The gentle pattering of the rain was the only sound.

Participles • A verb form that can be used as an adjective. –Part verb and part adjective

• Present participle –Plain form of the verb plus –ing –Different from a gerund • Participle acts as an adjective • The pouring rain drove us inside.

• Past participle –Plain form of the verb plus –d, -ed, or sometimes -t or -n A peeled cucumber can be added to a garden salad.

The speaker, known for her eloquent speeches, drew applause from the audience. This sentence contains a participial phrase.

Infinitives • A verb form, usually preceded by to, that can be used as a noun, adjective, or adverb –to love, to care, to jump, to puke

As a noun • To love is to care. • Cheryl wanted to work on the play.

As an adjective • The place to visit is Paris. • That was a record to beat.

As an adverb • The point guard jumped to shoot. • Ready to go, we loaded the car. Don’t confuse these with prepositional phrases! Those will have a noun/pronoun following the to. {Last slide for Brooks’ Power Point}