Verbals English 11 Verbals Definition A word that

Verbals English 11

Verbals • Definition: A word that is formed from a verb but functions as a different part of speech. • Verbals can function as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs.

Parts of Speech Review • Noun: a person, place, thing, or idea. A noun can be the subject or object (direct, indirect, object of a preposition) in a sentence. o Examples: o principal (person) The principal screamed. (subject) o Virginia (place) Many people visit Virginia yearround. (dir. ob. ) o dog (thing) We gave the dog some treats. (indirect object) o happiness (idea) Her idea of happiness is a warm puppy. (object of preposition)

Parts of speech Review • Adjectives: Words that modify nouns. o. Examples: otall, funny, broken, favorite, lovely

Parts of speech Review • Verbs: Words that show action or state of being. o Examples: • Action words: jump, think, kick, follow • State of being words: am, are, been, being, is, was, were

Parts of Speech Review • Adverbs: Words that modify verb, adjectives, or other adverbs. These words answer the following questions: where? , when? , how? , to what extent? o Examples: • Where? : there, inside, outside • When? : now, never, tomorrow, yesterday • How? : slowly, quietly, skillfully, • To what extent? : very, much, so, quite

Types of verbals • There are 3 different types of verbals. o Gerund o Participle o Infinitive Each type of verbal may function as just one part of speech or multiple parts of speech.

Gerund • Definition: A verbal that ends with –ing and functions as a noun. o Example: • Skiing is my favorite winter sport. Skiing is functioning as the subject of the sentence.

Gerunds in context • I like to sing while cooking. o cooking • Sprinting is my favorite thing to practice when I am running. o sprinting • While I am relaxing at the beach, I enjoy reading. o reading

Participle • Definition: A verbal that functions as an adjective. • There are two types of participles: past and present. o Present participles end in –ing. o Past participles usually end with –ed or –en. o Examples: • the flying fish (present participle) • the broken window (past participle)

Participles in context • There is a house in New Orleans they call The Rising Sun. o rising • While I was cooking, I almost burned myself with the boiling water. o Boiling • Totally confused, he walked away from the wrecked car. o wrecked • After drinking the spoiled milk, he was rushed to the doctor’s office. o spoiled

Infinitives • Definition: A verbal which consists of the word to plus a verb in its simplest form. o Infinitives can function as different parts of speech which include noun, verb, adjective, and adverb. o Don’t confuse infinitives with prepositional phrases. • I want to graduate on time (infinitive) • I went to the store yesterday. (prepositional phrase)

Infinitives in Context • To wait for the movie seemed foolish to him. o to wait • Everyone wanted to go to the movies. o to go • I have a paper to write before I go to the football game. o to write • His ambition is to fly solo to Antarctica. o to fly