Verbal Reasoning Overview and Strategies Verbal Overview 3

Verbal Reasoning Overview and Strategies

Verbal Overview 3 types of questions: � 40% sentence correction � 30% reading comprehension � 30% critical reasoning The entire verbal section is about structure rather than content.

Verbal Overview Sentence correction content: �All basic grammar, but especially: �Parallel constructions / clauses �Verb tense or agreement errors �Misplaced / dangling modifiers �Inappropriate pronoun usage �Selection among prepositions

Verbal Overview Sentence correction questions: �A sentence will be given, with a section underlined; the answer choices will represent alternative renderings for the underlined section (including no chnage).

Verbal Overview Reading comprehension content: �Identify the “main topic” of a piece �Answer “according to…” questions �Make [very] simple inferences �Identify narrative structure �NOTHING ABOUT CONTENT

Verbal Overview Reading comprehension questions: �“The main topic of the passage is…” �“The passage suggests which of…” �“According to the passage, which…” �“The author considers which of…” �“The 2 nd paragraph serves what

Verbal Overview Critical reasoning content: �Distinguish between assumptions, premises/evidence, and conclusions �Analyze structure of an argument �Consider additional information �Identify analogous structures

Verbal Overview Critical reasoning questions: �“The passage assumes that…” �“The purpose of the passage is…” �“Which if true would most weaken / strengthen the above conclusion…” �“Which is best supported by…”

Verbal Overview Critical reasoning questions: �“Which must be true based on…” �“Which information would be most useful in evaluating the argument…” �“Which most closely resembles the argument / logic in the passage…”

Grammar Strategies The GMAT is not a vocabulary test. The purpose of sentence correction questions is to assess whether you can construct a sentence following the standard procedural grammar rules, not whether you can write “at grade”.

Grammar Strategies You are NOT looking for the best or most natural way to render a sentence. Your only goal is to identify the option that contains no errors—specifically, the option that is most unambiguously correct, even if it

Grammar Strategies “Unambiguously correct” sentences are usually those in which auxiliary words that are often omitted in speech are included consistently throughout. Look at the little words: is, are, has, have, does, that, those, which, etc

Grammar Strategies For sentence correction questions, be sure to assess the correctness of each option within the entire sentence rather than as an isolated clause. The options may be long, but usually one or two key words matter.

Grammar Strategies Focus on structural words / sentence parts—identify all subjects, objects, verbs, and auxiliary words present. Ignore the content of the sentence, and check only that these components are used correctly and are “matched”.

Grammar Strategies “Many political pundits believe that dissension over immigration priorities among an increasingly polarized U. S. congress decrease the likelihood of significant action being taken in 2016. ” The choices here will obscure the

Grammar Strategies “dissension over immigration priorities among an increasingly polarized U. S. congress decrease the likelihood of significant action being taken in 2016. ” Answers might be “… likelihood that

Grammar Strategies “dissension over immigration priorities among an increasingly polarized U. S. congress decrease the likelihood of significant action being taken in 2016. ” The only error is one of subject-verb

Grammar Strategies “dissension over immigration priorities among an increasingly polarized U. S. congress decrease the likelihood of significant action being taken in 2016. ” “over immigration priorities” is only

Grammar Strategies “dissension over immigration priorities among an increasingly polarized U. S. congress decrease the likelihood of significant action being taken in 2016. ” The most likely solution is “decreases”;

Grammar Strategies GRE vocabulary questions will offer multiple potential sentence renderings that make intuitive sense or parse easily. Your task is not to find a “best sounding” sentence, but to identify the two or three words in the sentence which are related most to the word you are asked to fill in.

Grammar Strategies “Since she believed him to be both candid and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility that his statement to the board of directors should be construed as _____. ” The majority of words are unnecessary.

Grammar Strategies “Since she believed him to be both candid and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility that his statement to the board of directors should be construed as _____. ” First find the “key” / “target” phrase.

Grammar Strategies “Since she believed him to be both candid and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility …” Identify intended word relationships. Does the target phrase negate or affirm the word you are intended to

Grammar Strategies “Since she believed him to be both candid and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility that his statement to the board of directors should be construed as insincere. ” Choose based on target and relation.

Grammar Examples “Stories are a haunted genre. Far from a _Blank 1_ kind of story, the ghost story is almost the paradigm of the form, and a feeling of _Blank 2_ was undoubtedly one effect that Poe had in mind when he wrote about how stories work. ” A. debased B. normative C. meticulous D. pessimism E. goosebumps F. curiousity

Grammar Examples “Stories are a haunted genre. Far from a _Blank 1_ kind of story, the ghost story is almost the paradigm of the form, and a feeling of _Blank 2_ was undoubtedly one effect that Poe had in mind when he wrote about how stories work. ” A. debased B. normative C. meticulous D. pessimism E. goosebumps F. curiousity

Grammar Examples “Dreams are _______ in and of themselves, but, when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer. ” Select two of the six answer choices A. astonishing B. disordered C. harmless D. inscrutable E. revealing F. uninformative

Grammar Examples “Dreams are _______ in and of themselves, but, when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer. ” Select two of the six answer choices A. astonishing B. disordered C. harmless D. inscrutable E. revealing F. uninformative

Grammar Examples “Even in this business, where ______ is part of everyday life, a talent for lying is not something usually found on one’s resume. ” Select two of the six answer choices A. ambition B. mendacity C. prevarication D. insensitivity E. prejudice F. avarice

Grammar Examples “Even in this business, where ______ is part of everyday life, a talent for lying is not something usually found on one’s resume. ” Select two of the six answer choices A. ambition B. mendacity C. prevarication D. insensitivity E. prejudice F. avarice

Grammar Examples “While in many ways their personalities could not have been more different—she was ebullient where he was glum, relaxed where he was awkward, garrulous where he was____—they were surprisingly well suited. ” Select two of the six answer choices A. solicitous B. munificent C. irresolute D. laconic E. fastidious F. taciturn

Grammar Examples “While in many ways their personalities could not have been more different—she was ebullient where he was glum, relaxed where he was awkward, garrulous where he was____—they were surprisingly well suited. ” Select two of the six answer choices A. solicitous B. munificent C. irresolute D. laconic E. fastidious F. taciturn

Grammar Overview Misplaced modifiers occur when a phrase clarifies or describes another element in the sentence (subject or verb, usually), but the construction of the sentence positions the phrase too far from the element it describes.

Grammar Overview In order for a phrase to be considered a misplaced modifier, see whether it contains both a subject (could be just a pronoun) and a verb; if the phrase (or part of the phrase) cannot stand on its own as a sentence, it is a modifier.

Grammar Overview To identify whether a phrase could be a misplaced modifier, see whether it contains both a subject (could be just a pronoun) and a verb; if the phrase (or part of the phrase) cannot stand on its own as a sentence, it is a modifier.

Grammar Overview “Although not as liquid an investment as a money-market account, financial experts often recommend a certificate of deposit for its high and stable yield. ” The modifier here is misplaced next to “experts” (who are not investments)

Grammar Overview “Although not as liquid an investment as a money-market account, financial experts often recommend a certificate of deposit for its high and stable yield. ” We could say “money-market account, a certificate of deposit is often…”

Grammar Overview “Although not as liquid an investment as a money-market account, financial experts often recommend a certificate of deposit for its high and stable yield. ” But, the latter half of the sentence is not underlined, so we cannot fix it.

Grammar Overview “Although not as liquid an investment as a money-market account, financial experts often recommend a certificate of deposit for its high and stable yield. ” The only fix is to make the first half into a phrase that can stand alone.

Grammar Overview “Although it is not as liquid an investment as a money-market act. , financial experts often recommend a certificate of deposit for its high and stable yield. ” The only fix is to make the first half into a phrase that can stand alone.

Grammar Overview “Upset by the recent downturn in productivity, the possibility of new pay incentives was raised by the board of directors in their annual meeting. ” The modifier here (not underlined) is misplaced (a “possibility” is not upset).

Grammar Overview “Upset by the recent downturn in productivity, the possibility of new pay incentives was raised by the board of directors in their annual meeting. ” We can change the sentence to put the modified element next to the

Grammar Overview “Upset by the recent downturn in productivity, the board of directors raised the possibility of new pay incentives at their annual meeting. ” Who is upset? The “board of directors”, so that phrase must follow

Grammar Overview Parallel construction errors occur when a sentence contains a compound subject or verb whose parts are not “matched”, when it contains two full clauses whose structures are not the same, or when it makes a comparison between elements of different types.

Grammar Overview To identify whether a sentence might contain a poor parallel construction or comparison, see whether it contains a list of elements joined by “and” / “or”, whether it contains multiple clauses, or whether it makes a comparison or an analogy between two elements.

Grammar Overview “The reasons cited for the governor’s decision not to seek re-election were the high cost of a campaign, the lack of support from his party, and desiring to spend more time with his family. ” There’s a list; check for poor parallels.

Grammar Overview “…the high cost of a campaign, the lack of support from his party, and desiring to spend more time with his family. ” “… the high cost” “… the lack of support”

Grammar Overview “…the high cost of a campaign, the lack of support from his party, the desire to spend more time with his family. ” “… the high cost” “… the lack of support”

Grammar Overview “To say that the songs of the common robin are less complex than those of the indigo bunting is doing a great disservice to both species of birds. ” There are 2 clauses; are they parallel?

Grammar Overview “To say that the songs of the common robin are less complex than those of the indigo bunting is doing a great disservice to both species of birds. ” “To say that the songs…” “[is] doing a great disservice…”

Grammar Overview “To say that the songs of the common robin are less complex than those of the indigo bunting is to do a great disservice to both species of birds. ” “To say that the songs…” “[is] to do a great disservice…”

Grammar Overview “Over the last 20 years, the growth of info. technology has been more rapid than any other business field. ” The word “more” indicates that there is a comparison; are the elements that are compared actually comparable?

Grammar Overview “Over the last 20 years, the growth of info. technology has been more rapid than any other business field. ” “the growth of info. technology” “any other business field”

Grammar Overview “Over the last 20 years, the growth of info. technology has been more rapid than any other business field. ” “the growth of info. technology” “the growth of any other business field”

Grammar Overview “Over the last 20 years, the growth of info. technology has been more rapid than that of any other business field. ” “the growth of info. technology” “that of any other business field”

Grammar Overview “In contrast to classical guitars, whose players prefer the rounded tones of nylon strings, folk guitar players prefer the bright sound only steel can create. ” The sentence directly indicates that

Grammar Overview “In contrast to classical guitars, whose players prefer the rounded tones of nylon strings, folk guitar players prefer the bright sound only steel can create. ” “classical guitars, whose owners

Grammar Overview “In contrast to classical guitar players, who prefer the rounded tones of nylon strings, folk guitar players prefer the bright sound only steel can create. ” This is one possible solution.

Grammar Overview “In contrast to classical guitars, whose players prefer the rounded tones of nylon strings, folk guitars have steel strings which create a bright sound, which their players prefer. ” This is another possible solution.

Grammar Overview Tense/subj-verb agreement errors occur most frequently in sentences that contain complex structures with multiple subjects and multiple verbs simultaneously, especially when it has clauses that overlap or are separated by a lot of intervening material.

Grammar Examples “Unlike Franklin D. Roosevelt’s bootstrap program that helped to restart economic growth in the 1930 s through public works, Ronald Reagan proposed a program of trickle-down economics to restart the economy. ” A. Franklin D. Roosevelt’s bootstrap program that helped B. Franklin D. Roosevelt, whose bootstrap program helped C. Franklin D. Roosevelt and his bootstrap program, that helped D. the bootstrap program of Franklin D. Roosevelt that helped E. Franklin D. Roosevelt and his bootstrap program, helping

Grammar Examples “As its reputation for making acquisitions of important masterpieces has grown, the museum has increasingly turned down gifts of lesser-known paintings that they would in the past have accepted gratefully. ” A. they would in the past have accepted gratefully B. they would have accepted gratefully in the past C. it would in the past have accepted gratefully D. it previously would have accepted gratefully in the past E. previously would have been accepted gratefully

Grammar Examples “During the 1970 s, it became evident that writing about someone else’s research was far easier for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves than it was to do their own research. ”

Grammar Examples A. that writing about someone else’s research was far easier for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves B. that writing about someone else’s research was, for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, far easier C. to social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, that writing about someone else’s research was far easier D. that for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, writing about someone else’s research was far easier E. that for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, it was far easier to write about someone else’s research

Grammar Examples A. that writing about someone else’s research was far easier for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves B. that writing about someone else’s research was, for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, far easier C. to social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, that writing about someone else’s research was far easier D. that for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, writing about someone else’s research was far easier E. that for social scientists who wanted to make a name for themselves, it was far easier to write about someone else’s research

Reading Strategies The GMAT does not test your actual understanding of the content of any passage [not even in the essay]. The purpose of the verbal section is to identify if you know how verbal communication works as a process.

Reading Strategies Tips for finding the correct answer: �Focus on why the passage author said something rather than what was said. �What is being claimed vs. what is being used to support that claim? �What is missing from the passage?

Reading Strategies Tips for finding the correct answer: �Put aside your personal perspective. �Do not read a passage for content then develop counter-examples or weaknesses; “ours is not to make reply, ours is not to reason why”

Reading Strategies Tips for finding the correct answer: �A conclusion is not an outcome that may result if an argument is true; it is only that which is being argued. �Work within the narrow boundaries of the passage / argument as given.

Reading Examples “A fashion designer’s fall line for women utilizing new softer fabrics broke all sales records last year. To capitalize on her new success, the designer plans to launch a line of clothing for men this year that makes use of the same new softer fabrics. ”

Reading Examples The designer’s plan makes which assumption? A. Other designers will not also introduce lines for men with the new softer fabrics. B. The designer will have time enough to develop lines for both men and women. C. Men will be as interested in the new softer fabrics as women were the year before. D. The line for men will be considered to be innovative because of its use of new fabrics.

Reading Examples “A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterial strain. However, a recent study notes that this bacteria also thrives in the presence of a certain virus, implying that the virus is actually what causes the new disease. ”

Reading Examples Which would most support the study’s finding? A. In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow bacterial infection. B. The virus has been observed alone, apart from the bacteria, in some disease cases. C. In cases where the disease does not develop, bacterial infection is preceded by the virus. D. The virus has been shown to aid the growth

Reading Examples “In contrast to the drivers who live in Mountainview, a greater proportion of the drivers who live in Oak Valley exceed the speed limit regularly. This explains why there are more accidents each year in Oak Valley than there are in Mountainview. ”

Reading Examples All of the following would weaken the argument, except which? A. Per capita, there are fewer traffic officers in Oak Valley than there are in Mountainview. B. There a greater number of drivers in Oak Valley than there are in Mountainview. C. The roads in Oak Valley are icy for a greater portion of the year than in Mountainview. D. Oak Valley has a greater number of blind intersections than Mountainview has.

Reading Examples “To reduce the deficit, the US could cut military and defense spending, the largest budget component. However, many critical industries depend on military contracts. If the government reduces military spending, it may have to provide these industries with other economic relief in peacetime. ”

Reading Examples What is the main point of this passage? A. The military-industrial complex’s size is a disincentive for cutting military spending. B. If we cut US military spending, we will probably have to increase it again later. C. We must maintain military spending or risk being unprepared in event of war. D. Reducing military spending may result in an increase in other areas of spending.

Reading Examples “To improve our overcrowded elementary schools, the town council has proposed new construction and smaller classes—a plan to be paid for with increased property tax for high-income homeowners. Though our schools need improving, the proposal should be rejected since the people who would pay for it receive no benefit from it. ”

Reading Examples Which if true would most strengthen this claim? A. Other nearby towns that reduced class size did not find an increase in education quality. B. High-income residents already pay taxes for other unused services, like mass transit. C. Tax records indicate many homeowners in high income brackets have no kids at home. D. The higher tax is a disincentive to seek out profit and will reduce economic growth.

Reading Examples “Professional athletes around the world pace themselves during practice, and do not exercise more than around 5 hours a day. If an athlete is exercising more than 5 hours a day, they are probably not a pro. ”

Reading Examples Which argument most closely parallels this one? A. If you sleep more than 5 hours a night, you are probably getting enough sleep; experts say an adult needs around 5 -6 hours of sleep. B. High-quality paint usually requires 2 coats. If you buy 1 -coat paint, it is likely low quality. C. Good runners run in the morning; if you run in the morning, you will be a better runner. D. Healthy people don’t smoke, so you should

Math / Quantitative Algebra Content Review

Fundamentals of Algebra is a process that has 2 parts: 1. Being able to translate a problem into mathematical expressions, functions, or algebraic equations 2. Knowing how to use or modify the resulting expressions or equations

Fundamentals of Algebra Unknown, to-be-solved-for values are represented by letters in algebra: “The price of a pair of shoes is equal to 3 times the price of a pair of jeans. ”

Fundamentals of Algebra �

Fundamentals of Algebra �

Fundamentals of Algebra �

Fundamentals of Algebra �

Fundamentals of Algebra “If x is equal to 1 more than the product of 3 and z, and y is equal to 1 less than the product of 2 and z, then how much greater is 2 x than 3 y when z has a value of 4? ” A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 E. 6

Systems of Equations �

Systems of Equations 2 ways to solve a “system of equations”: 1. Solve one equation for a letter (y), then plug into the other equation. 2. Change one equation so that if you add it to the other equation, one letter (y) will be cancelled out.

Systems of Equations � Solve for y →

Systems of Equations � Solve for y →

Systems of Equations � Plug in y →

Systems of Equations � Plug in y →

Systems of Equations � Plug in y →

Systems of Equations � Change →

Systems of Equations � Change → /13

Systems of Equations � A. 2/3 B. 3/2 C. 2 D. 4 E. 6

Systems of Equations “A symphony sells 3 kinds of tickets: box seats for $40, general admission for $20, and student admission for $10. On a recent night they sold 200 tickets, 40 to students, and made $4, 000 in all. How many general admission tickets did the symphony sell? ” A. 96 B. 120 C. 140 D. 160 E. 180

Systems of Equations “ 15 years ago, Adam was 3 times as old as Bob. Today, Adam is twice as old as Bob. How old will Adam be 5 years from now? ” A. 35 B. 45 C. 50 D. 60 E. 65

Systems of Equations �

Systems of Equations �

Quadratic Equations �

Quadratic Equations �

Quadratic Equations �

Quadratic Equations �

Quadratic Equations �

Quadratic Equations �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work “Jim and Bob are standing 450 feet apart and start walking toward each other. If Jim walks 4 feet per second and Bob walks 5 feet per second, how far has Bob walked when they meet? ” A. 200 ft. B. 225 ft. C. 250 ft. D. 270 ft. E. 300 ft.

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work � A. 200 ft. B. 225 ft. C. 250 ft. D. 270 ft. E. 300 ft.

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Time, Rate, & Distance/Work �

Algebraic Functions �

Math / Quantitative Data Sufficiency Review

Data Sufficiency An example question: �“What is the value of x? 2 1) x = 9 2) x is negative” A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 and 2 together are sufficient; neither statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency Solving data sufficiency problems: 1. What is being asked? + What do you know? What else is needed? 2. Evaluate Statement 1 on its own. 3. Evaluate Statement 2 on its own. 4. Evaluate Statements 1 & 2 together.

Data Sufficiency Answering data sufficiency problems: If #1 is sufficient alone, choose A or D (based on step 3 from previous-skip 4) 2. If #1 is not sufficient, choose B, C, or E (based on steps 3 and 4 from previous) 1. A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency Strategies for data sufficiency: 1. You don’t need to actually answer the question asked, only be able to. 2. If you face a yes/no question, being able to answer in the negative is ok! 3. Ignore St. 1 when evaluating St. 2.

Data Sufficiency “A store sold 50 more TVs in June than in May. By what percent did sales rise? ” What is being asked? What do you know?

Data Sufficiency “A store sold 50 more TVs in June than in May. By what percent did sales rise? ” 1) In June, the store sold 150 TVs 2) In May, the store sold 90% of June’s A. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not total B. Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not C. D. E. Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency �

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “Does the average of {a, b, c} equal 8? ” What is being asked? What else is needed?

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “If Alaina spent $700 in July on rent, how much in all did she earn in July? ” 1) Alaina earned 10% more than in June 2) Alaina saved ¼ of her earnings and spent half of what was left on rent A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “If Alaina spent $700 in July on rent, how much in all did she earn in July? ” 1) 10% more than June 2) Rent is ½ of ¾ July A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “Chad can cut down 3 trees per hour. How long does David take to cut down 9 trees? ” 1) David works 6 hours a day cutting trees 2) David cuts down half as many trees per day as what Chad cuts down in 4 A. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not hours B. C. D. E. Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “Joann drove from home to the beach in less than 4 hours. Was her average speed greater than 70 miles per hour? ” 1) Joann drove a total of 260 miles 2) Joann drove the first 160 miles at 80 A. mph. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not B. C. D. E. Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “Joann drove from home to the beach in less than 4 hours. Was her average speed greater than 70 miles per hour? ” 1) 260 miles 2) Joann drove the first 160 miles at 80 A. mph. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not B. C. D. E. Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “A dealership sells only sedans and coupes, in two colors each: red or blue. Last year, it sold 9, 000 vehicles, half of which were red. How many coupes did the dealership sell last year? ” 1) The dealership sold three times as many blue coupes as red sedans last year. 2) The dealership sold half as many blue sedans as blue coupes last year A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency “A dealership sells only sedans and coupes, in two colors each: red or blue. Last year, it sold 9, 000 vehicles, half of which were red. How many coupes did the dealership sell last year? ” 1) BC = 3 * RS 2) BC = 2 * BS A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Data Sufficiency � A. B. C. D. E. Statement 1 alone is sufficient; Statement 2 alone is not Statement 2 alone is sufficient; Statement 1 alone is not Both statements 1 & 2 together are sufficient; neither alone is Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient