VERB Recognizing Verbs Functions of Verbs Verb Phrases

VERB • Recognizing Verbs Functions of Verbs • Verb Phrases • Kinds of Verbs according to Use • Regular and Irregular Verbs Past tense • Past Participle Forms of Irregular Verbs • Verb Tenses Present Tense • Past Participle • Future Tense

Functions of Verbs A verb shows action, links another word to the subject, helps another verb, or merely indicates existence. e. g. walk, talk, swim, run.

Verb Phrases Sometimes the verb is a single word; other times, the verb is made up of two or helping verbs. Sometimes a verb phrase is interrupted by other words. Be careful to locate all the helping verbs that go with the main verb. e. g. My songs and poems shall not be heard.

Kinds of Verbs according to Use Action verbs are either transitive or intransitive. Nonaction verbs are called linking (copulative) verbs or helping (auxiliary) verbs according to their use in sentences.

A transitive verb expresses an action which passes from the subject to a direct object or when the subject is acted upon. It needs a receiver of the action or a direct object. e. g. A gland produces a fluid that the body needs to work properly. (The direct object fluid receives the action of the verb produces. )

An intransitive verb does not need an object or receiver of its action. e. g. People snore when a soft tissues in the throat collapse during deep sleep. (The verb snore does not pass its action to any word in the sentence. )

A linking verb is a non-action word that connects the subject to a word in the predicate. The word linked to the subject may be noun, a pronoun, or an adjective that identifies or describe the subject. e. g. Most metals are chemically reactive. (The verb are links the adjective reactive to the subject metals. The word reactive describes metals and is a predicate adjective. )

• Below is a list of commonly used linking verbs. LINKING VERBS am is are was be being been were (May be also used as action verbs) taste look grow feel appear remain smell become stay sound seem (May be also used as action verbs)

Regular and Irregular Verbs Regular verbs from their past tenses and past participle by adding -d or –ed to their simple form. Irregular verbs form their past tense and past participle by unndergoing certain changes other than by simply adding –d and –ed. Since they do follow a rule, the forms of these verbs have to be memorized.

Below are some irregular verbs and their principal parts. PRESENT am (is, be) begin bend bet bind bite blow bring build burst catch choose come creep do draw drink eat find PAST PARTICIPLE was began bent bet bound bit blew brought built burst caught chose came crept did drew drank ate found been begun bent bet bound bitten blown brought built burst caught chosen come crept done drawn drunk eaten found 1/30/2022

Verb Tenses • Verb tenses set sentences in time periods. • The present tense denotes a habitual action or anything that is true in the present or in general. Samanea sainan, a tropical tree, collects moisture in its pods during the day, and each morning dumps itin a form of heavy downpour. The s-form of the verb is used in the example above because the subject is singular. The same is true with pronoun subjects he, she, it and with other singular nouns. The base form of the verb is used for pronoun subjects I, you, we, they, and other plural nouns. 1/30/2022

• The past tense denotes an action that was completed in a definite time in the past. e. g. Gossain, a city of Imphal India who suffered fromm inverted vision, presided over trials for a period of 19 years while standing on his head. Adding -d and –ed to the simple form of regular verbs such as presided shows the past form of the verb in the example above. • The future tense denotes the occurrence of an action that is yet to be done or that will happen sometime in the future. e. g. Lein will try to search for a purple shore crab whose weight is proportional to the strength of 40 men. The use of will/shall + present form of the verb, such as the example above indicates future tense. 1/30/2022

PERFECT TENSE • The present perfect tense indicates actions, being, or state of being completed in the present time. Methods of farming have improved greatly. • The past perfect tense indicates completed or perfected action before some definite time in the past. Methods of farming had improved greatly after the government implemented new agriculture policies. • The future perfect tense denotes an action completed before some specified time in the future. Methods of farming will have improved greatly by the next quarter. • The present perfect tense uses has/have + past participle of the verb; the past perfect tense uses had + past participle; and the future tense uses will/shall have + past participle of the verb. 1/30/2022

Source: SMART ENGLISH (more than a worktext for grammar and syntax) 3 rd edition. Pages 77 -94 1/30/2022

THANK YOU!!! 1/30/2022