Verb Conjugation So what is conjugation What does
Verb Conjugation So what is conjugation? What does « conjugate » mean?
In grammatical terms, it’s… • Taking the regular form of the verb (such as: to have, to eat, to dance, to speak, etc) and changing it to agree with the subject of the verb (the person/object performing the action) Before we go any further…. lets take a look at the subject pronouns that we will be using in conjugation
French Subject Pronouns Let’s start with a lesson in English
Paul listens. Subject: who is doing the action? Verb: what is the action?
Paul listens. Subject: who is doing the action? Verb: what is the action? Paul écoute. Subject: who is doing the action? Verb: what is the action?
JE = I • Can be masculine or feminine • Singular
TU = You (informal) • Can be masculine or feminine • Singular • Used for someone you call by their first name
IL = He / it • Masculine • Singular • Use for a person • Pierre = il • Use for a thing • le livre = il
ELLE = She / it • Feminine • Singular • Use for a person • Suzanne = elle • Use for a thing • la porte = elle
NOUS = we • Can be masculine or feminine • Plural
VOUS = You (formal) • Can be masculine or feminine • Singular • Someone you address by title (Mr. , Mrs. )
VOUS = YOU GUYS • Can be masculine or feminine • Plural (PLURAL)
ILS = They • Masculine • Plural • Use for people • Pierre + Jacques = ils • Use for things • le livre + le crayon = ils
ELLES = They • Feminine • Plural • Use for people • Suzanne + Marie = elles • Use for things • la porte + la fenêtre = elles
ILS = They • Masculine + feminine; mixed • Plural • Use for people • Pierre + Janine = ils • Use for things • le livre + la porte = ils
Pratique 1. Jacques = Il 2. Marie + Ellen = Elles 3. Moi + Justine = Nous 4. Marc + Isabelle = Ils 5. Toi + Toi = Vous 6. Moi + Toi = Nous 7. Alexandre + Moi = Nous 8. Luc + Pierre = Ils
Back to Conjugation Let’s try in English To be I am You are He is She is We are You (pl) are They are To dance I dance You dance He dances She dances We dance You (pl) dance They dance
Would you say? A. I is? B. You be? C. They watches? D. She work? E. You to dance? Oops! Of course not! Conjugated verbs are not interchangeable! It sounds ridiculous! It’s the same way with the French language.
4 REBEL VERBS A. ALLER – TO GO B. FAIRE – TO DO/TO MAKE C. AVOIR – TO HAVE D. ETRE – TO BE E.
4 ESSENTIAL TERMS • 1. Subject – The person or thing doing the action (je, vous) • 2. Infinitive – The verb by itself (danser, parler, inviter) – What others can you name? • 3. Stem – The verb without the ENDING (dans, parl, invit) • 4. Ending – The combination of letters that we put in place of the « Ending » that we dropped earlier. Each Subject Pronoun has it’s own ending to be used. ER ENDINGS JE E (--) NOUS ONS (ohn) TU ES (--) VOUS EZ (eh) IL/ELLE E (--) ILS/ELLES ENT (--)
Let’s Try One Together • Conjugate the verb PARLER (to speak) – Remember to take away the ER before you add the endings Je PARLE Nous PARLONS Tu PARLES Vous PARLEZ Il/Elle PARLE Ils/Elles PARLENT
What about JOUER, AIMER and CHANTER? Je JOUE Nous JOUONS Tu JOUES Vous JOUEZ Il/Elle JOUE Ils/Elles JOUENT Je AIME Nous AIMONS Tu AIMES Vous AIMEZ Il/Elle AIME Ils/Elles AIMENT Je CHANTE Nous CHANTONS Tu CHANTES Vous CHANTEZ Il/Elle CHANTE Ils/Elles CHANTENT
Review • Before you can go forward and conjugate more verbs you need to be sure you understand the following terms. • • • Conjugate Subject Pronoun Infinitive Stem Ending
Let’s Practice…. • • mange 1. Je (manger) ____________ nages 2. Tu (nager) _____________ commence 3. Il (commencer) ___________ donne 4. Elle (donner) ____________ fermons 5. Nous (fermer) ___________ pensez 6. Vous (penser) ___________ arrivent 7. Ils (arriver) ____________ montent 8. Elles (monter) ___________
Exceptions There are 3 exceptions for our ER verbs that we need to keep in mind.
Exception #1: Le verbe Aller • The verb “ALLER” meaning TO GO is not conjugated the same way as other ER verbs. • It is a very important verb that we use often and we will be going over the conjugation later this week.
Exception #2: GER • Verbs that end in GER such as; MANGER (to eat), NAGER (to swim) have a slight variation when conjugating with NOUS. • Instead of taking away the ER and adding ONS. You need to add EONS. • For example: – Nous mangeons – Nous nageons
Exception #3: CER • Verbs that end in CER such as; COMMENCER (to start), LANCER (to throw) also have a slight variation when conjugating with NOUS. • With NOUS you have to add an accent called a cedilla to the C. • For example: – Nous commençons – Nous lançons
Application de notre connaissance. • 1. Fiche de travaille: Les verbs en ER • 2. On a separate piece of paper you are going to write 5 sentences using er verbs. – The title will be LES VERBS ER – You will need to include 5 different subjects or subject pronouns. – You will need to use 5 different ER verbs. – You will need to include a small image for each sentence. • This can be done on the computer or on a white piece of paper using blue or black pen.
Example • 1. Tu manges une pomme. • 2. Marc joue de la guitare. • 3. Christine et Julie chantent.
IR and RE verbs Not all verbs end in ER. Let’s take a look at some of the other verb conjugations!
IR verbs • Some verbs end in IR such as: – Choisir (to choose) – Reussir (to succeed) – Finir (to finish) IR ENDINGS JE IS NOUS ISSONS TU IS VOUS ISSEZ IL/ELLE IT ILS/ELLES ISSENT
Let’s Try One Together • Conjugate the verb PUNIR (to punish) – Remember to take away the IR before you add the endings Je PUNIS Nous PUNISSONS Tu PUNIS Vous PUNISSEZ Il/Elle PUNIT Ils/Elles PUNISSENT
RE verbs • Some verbs end in RE such as: – Vendre (to sell) – Perdre (to loose) – Entendre (to hear) RE ENDINGS JE S NOUS ONS TU S VOUS EZ IL/ELLE - ILS/ELLES ENT
Let’s Try One Together • Conjugate the verb RENDRE (to give back) – Remember to take away the RE before you add the endings Je RENDS Nous RENDONS Tu RENDS Vous RENDEZ Il/Elle REND Ils/Elles RENDENT
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