Vegetable Crops PLSC 451551 Lesson 8 Worldwide Production
Vegetable Crops – PLSC 451/551 Lesson 8, Worldwide Production Systems Instructor: Stephen L. Love Aberdeen R & E Center 1693 S 2700 W Aberdeen, ID 83210 Phone: 397 -4181 Fax: 397 -4311 Email: slove@uidaho. edu
Production System Categories Modern Intensive Production Common to developed countries Market Garden/Organic Production Common to the US and Europe Contemporary Subsistence Production Common to 3 rd world countries
Modern Intensive Production Objective: Produce vegetable crops for sale and profit
Modern Intensive Production Located in developed, politically stable countries
Modern Intensive Production Percent corruption – related to stability and amount of intensive agriculture
Modern Intensive Production Located where production and market conditions are optimized.
Modern Intensive Production Farms centered in rural locales
Modern Intensive Production Requires large, contiguous acreage
Modern Intensive Production Managed as a rotational monoculture
Modern Intensive Production Low species density (plantains)
Modern Intensive Production Producers specialize in one or a few crops
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Aimed at production efficiency and profitability (scale)
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Highly mechanized (soil prep, planting, cultivation, harvesting, handling)
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Minimal hired labor
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Employ modern technology and researchbased methods
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Incorporates the routine use of fertilizers and pesticides
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Harvest is short-term and scheduled to maximize yield and quality
Modern Intensive Production Cropping practices – Short and long-term storage common
Modern Intensive Production Heavily dependent on long-distance tranport
Modern Intensive Production Usually massmarketed through a single wholesale buyer
Market Garden/Organic Production Objective: Produce vegetable crops for profit, supplement personal diet
Market Garden/Organic Production Located throughout the world (dedicated organic production is associated with developed countries)
Market Garden/Organic Production Commonly in suburban locales with easy access to urban markets
Market Garden/Organic Production Requires small to moderate amounts of noncontiguous acreage
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Aimed at meeting market preferences
Market Garden/Organic Production is small-scale monoculture or limited companion planting
Market Garden/Organic Production Species density is moderate Species choice is marketdriven
Market Garden/Organic Production Management is not crop specific Minimal crop -based efficiency
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Moderately mechanized – soil prep, planting
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Moderate to high labor requirements
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Utilizes traditional (sustainable) methods
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Technology levels range from very low to high
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Organic production involves use of approved fertilizer and pesticide products
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Harvest timing is market driven and continuous over a set season
Market Garden/Organic Production Cropping practices – Typically involve only short-term, small-scale storage
Market Garden/Organic Production Transportation needed only for market delivery
Market Garden/Organic Production Produce marketed through many retail and wholesale channels
Subsistence Production Objective: Produce vegetables for personal and family consumption
Subsistence Production Primarily adopted in developing and 3 rd world countries
Subsistence Production Subsistence agriculture is related to poverty levels
Subsistence Production Countries high in subsistence agriculture have high rates of hunger and starvation
Subsistence Production Family farm in Peru
Subsistence Production Dacha in Russia
Subsistence Production Family farm in Africa
Subsistence Production Located wherever people live – urban and rural
Subsistence Production Utilizes land resources available regardless of size, shape, suitability
Subsistence Production of mixed crops, relay planting, companion crops and often includes animals
Subsistence Production Very high species density
Subsistence Production Methods not specialized by crop – usually suboptimal for all crops
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Aimed at providing a continuous supply of food
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Vertical farming methods employed where land is scarce
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – High labor requirements, provided by family, including children
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Little or no advanced technology employed – sometimes animal power
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Fertility provided by recycled animal waste
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Pesticides used only if available and/or affordable
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Harvest is continuous where the growing season allows
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Limited storage capability – ambient conditions (yam storage)
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Primitive preservation methods used (making chuno)
Subsistence Production Cropping practices – Primitive preservation methods used (cassava flour for bread)
Subsistence Production Transportation limited – manually powered and public transportation sometimes used
Additional Production Comparisons Production Objectives: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Efficiency/Profit/ Meet market demand Consistent food supply
Additional Production Comparisons Regional Economic Impact: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Very high Moderate to high Low
Additional Production Comparisons Reasons for Crop Choice: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Cultural preference/ Local market Dependability/ Market quality demand/ Tradition Ethnic opportunity
Additional Production Comparisons Input Costs: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Very high High Low
Additional Production Comparisons Required Financial Assistance: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Long-term credit Credit Little or none
Additional Production Comparisons Labor Characteristics: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Full-time/ Transient Family/ Part-time Family/ Neighbors
Subsistence Production Labor associated with agricultural development
Additional Production Comparisons Labor Skills Required: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Agronomy/ Agri-business/ Marketing Horticulture Gardening
Additional Production Comparisons Space Utilization: Modern Intensive Market Garden Subsistence Continuous/ Intense/ Horizontal Sporadic/ Horizontal/ Vertical Continuous/ Horizontal/ Vertical
- Slides: 70