v v Specific Aim Guessing Unknown Words A

v v 掌握猜词技巧的目的(Specific Aim) 猜测生词词义(Guessing Unknown Words)的方法: A. 利用词缀法及合成法 （Through word formation, i. e. prefixed, suffixes and compound words) B. 根据上下文即同义词、反义词、重复的部分、逻 辑关系 （According to the synonyms, Autonomies, repeated parts and logical relationship) C. 利用有关说明 (According to the relevant explanation, definition , etc. ) 记忆词根 实践

v Guessing the meaning of words is a shortcut in reading. While reading we usually have an unconscious habit of making a logical inference as to the meaning of words based on the context. The reading skills can help us to deduce the meaning of unfamiliar lexical items through understanding word formation, contextual clues, definition, etc. 用推理法, 即根据该词的结构、上下文关系和概 念类的解释，不但可迅速增进字汇, 又能吸收更有用 的生字, 这是最有效的一种新方法.

v 常见前缀 和后缀 例词: profitable, careless, misread, unusual, etc. Prefix disen- v Meaning Suffix Meaning not -able capable of cause to be -en cause to be in-/im-/ir- not -ence act, state anti- against -ful full of post- behind -ion act or process wrong -ize cause to be more again -less without not -ness state or condition 合成词: mis例如: eyereopener, hometown, undesk-mate, firefighter, etc.

v v 同义词法: All the other members are of the same opinion. They are unanimous. 分析: unanimous = of the same opinion 反义词法: Most of them agreed; however, John dissented. 分析: dissented = not agreed 重复提示法: My uncle Tom, my father’s brother, dared to beat me! How evil he is! 分析: uncle, 用my father’s brother重复提示, 加重语气. 逻辑关系提示法: I was surprised to meet Mary’s husband for I did not know that she had been married. 分析: If a woman is married that means she has a husband.

v 利用有关说明: ----He works as a dustman and cleans the street every day. 分析: cleans the street every day解释了dustman的意思 ----Mary works as a checker. Her job is to use the cash register to calculate the cost of the groceries and the customers for their purchases. 分析: checker意思是a person who uses a cash register to calculate the cost of the groceries and the customers for their purchases.

练习: v A. 运用所学词根和词缀知识, 写出下列单词的汉语含义: 1. monogamy 2. anthropology 3. philology 4. bicycle 5. animate 6. benefit 7. benediction 8. childhood 答案: 1. 一夫一妻 2. 人类学 3. 文字爱好和语言研究 4. 自行车 5. 注入生命; 启发 6. 好处 7. 祝福 8. 儿童时代 v B. 运用所学上下文猜词线索知识, 猜测下列单词的含义: 1. Maria can not go to school, she will grow up illiterate. 2. What you need is some tips to help you to do your best at your next interview. 3. The bite of such spiders is usually fatal. Some people have been killed by it. 4. Research around the world points to a recipe for well-being: Eat simple foods, not elite treats. 答案: 1. unable to read and write 2. suggestions 3. causing death 4. best food v