Utility Work Zone Traffic Control Utility Workers Foremen

Utility Work Zone Traffic Control Utility Workers, Foremen and Supervisors Module FHWA Grant No. DTFH 61 -06 -G-00006 Developed by: Wayne State University & Bradley University 1

Introduction to the Guidelines 2

Utility Work Zone Traffic Control Guidelines • • Developed for FHWA Include recommended traffic control plans Temporary traffic control devices Meant for electrical, gas, telephone, cable, water, sewer, landscaping, others • Not meant for nighttime or freeway work 3

Reasons for Guideline Development • Utility work zone activities • Mitigating safety challenges • To address gaps in existing guidelines and training • To identify needs through research and practice 4

Need for Utility Work Zone Guidelines • • • Shorter in duration Different traffic control needed Change in travel environment for drivers Improve safety Reduce utility work zone crashes 5

Perception Reaction Time of Drivers PIEV Perception (See) Intellection (Understand) Emotion (Act) Volition (Execute) PIEV for normal driver is assumed as 2. 5 sec 6

Perception Reaction Time of Drivers • Intellection: Identification of cue or stimulus • Perception: recognition or realization that cue or stimulus exists that requires response • Emotion: determination of appropriate response to cue or stimulus • Volition: physical response that results from decision 7

Uniformity • Treatment of similar work site with same traffic control • Traffic control devices • Color • Strobe or oscillating lights • Arrow panels 8

Conspicuity • Increased through proper traffic control devices • Using color of work zones – ORANGE • Work zones that stand out from other surroundings to passing motorists 9

Recommended Traffic Control Devices and Why? 10

Basic Requirements for Traffic Control Devices • • • Fulfill a need Command attention Convey a clear, simple meaning Command respect from road users Give adequate time for proper response Source: MUTCD Section 1 A. 02 11

Temporary Traffic Control Signs • Message, layout, and configuration per MUTCD • Construction fluorescent orange color with mircoprismatic retro-reflective characteristics • 2 orange supplemental flags may be mounted • Size = 36” x 36” • Crashworthy Source: MUTCD Figure 6 F-2 12

Temporary Traffic Control Signs • Portable temporary traffic control signs • Reduce work duration and workers’ exposure to risk • Placing signage lower to the ground may produce a greater impact on the driving population 13

Comparison of Mounting Techniques 14

Comparison of Mounting Techniques • Drivers tend to look at pavement in front of them • 4º better than 12º cone of vision • Easier recognition of work zone when signs are mounted different than typical signs • Retractable stands for parked vehicles Source: MUTCD Figure 6 F-2 15

Poorly Mounted Signs 16

Sample Work Zone Warning Signs For Utility Work Zone Applications For Other Work Zone Applications 17

Arrow Panels • Guide motorists to change lanes when work activities are taking place on the road • Caution motorists of work activities on or adjacent to a shoulder • To increase visibility and likelihood of drivers responding in a safe and timely manner 18

Arrow Panels • Support panel 48” H x 96” W • Minimum of 15 lamps • Front panel with flat, non-reflective black background • Mounted at minimum of 7’ from roadway to bottom of panel 19

Arrow Panels • Flash Rate: 25 -40 flashes per minute • Angularity requirements: For moving operations, work in urban areas use ‘general-purpose (wide) beam’ panels • Lamp Requirements: Certified by the state; lamp size of PAR 46 or PAR 36 20

Channelizing Devices • • Provides guidance/delineation to motorists Need to be easily installed and removed Must be orange and contain retro-reflective bands Made of a material that will not damage a vehicle if impacted • 36” taller cones or tubular markers are more desirable Source: MUTCD Figure 6 F-7 21

Taller Cones • Use orange taller cones with retro-reflective bands • Preferred over normal traffic cones • Provides increased visibility • Transported easily • Quick installation and removal on-site 22

Barricades • Contains 1 to 3 rails of markings • Used to control road users • Types I, II, and III 23

Warning Lights on Work Vehicles • • • Attract the attention of road users Potentially hazardous situation Sufficient time for taking appropriate action Warning light standardization desirable Promote driver understanding Recognition of lights on work vehicles 24

Warning Lights on Work Vehicles • Warning lights should be visible to drivers from all angles (360 degrees) • Larger vehicles should be equipped with a minimum of three warning lights • Warning lights should be amber in color 25

Warning Lights on Work Vehicles • Warning lights should be TURNED ON! 26

Retro-reflective Markings on Work Vehicles • Visibility increased by the use of retro-reflective markings and appropriate vehicle colors • Retro-reflective vehicle markings should supplement warning light systems • Retro-reflective material should be affixed to the back of utility work vehicles 27

Retro-reflective Markings on Work Vehicles • Retro-reflective material should be 4” wide (8” is desirable) • Fluorescent orange, white, and black diagonal stripes color pattern 28

Work Vehicles Painted Orange • • • Visibility of work vehicle very important Orange vehicle is visual cue Orange is color for work zones Consistency in colors improves safety Increases driver awareness and recognition of work zone 29

Work Vehicles Painted Orange Desirable Vehicle Colors Undesirable Vehicle Colors 30

Work Vehicle Placement • Place vehicle upstream of work area to shield on-foot workers from traffic • Place upstream to warn vehicles of an upcoming work zone • Place equipment trailers downstream of work area to avoid being hit by traffic 31

Improper Placement of Work Vehicle 32

Work Vehicle Not Protected 33

Set-up and Removal of Devices • Spend least amount of time necessary to set -up and remove devices safely • Perform work as expeditiously as possible to reduce exposure • Decreasing exposure time increases safety • Use devices that are easily transported 34

Set-up of Traffic Control Devices • Identify traffic control plan ahead of time • Plan and discuss traffic control off roadway • Park work vehicles and equipment to maximize safety • Place traffic control devices as per selected plan starting at beginning of work zone 35

Removal of Traffic Control Devices • Remove immediately following completion of work • Start at end of work zone • Only leave in place what is needed • Know where everything goes in work vehicle so no time is wasted 36

Worker Safety and Visibility • Be concerned with personal safety • Must wear high-visibility safety apparel at all times • Clothing color orange, yellow-green, or fluorescent versions of these colors • Must include retro-reflective materials Worker with proper safety apparel but not properly protected from traffic 37

Worker Safety Apparel • Proposed Amendment to MUTCD Section 6 D. 03 requires “American National Standard For High-Visibility Safety Apparel and Headwear” • ANSI (American National Standards Institute) / ISEA (International Safety Equipment Association) 107 -2004 • Class 2 and 3 garments based on worker activities 38

Other Protective Apparel • ANSI Compliant Hard Hats • ANSI Steel Toe Boots • ANSI Compliant Protective Eyewear 39

Flagger (Traffic Regulator) Training • For flagger (traffic regulator) training information refer to The National Work Zone Safety Clearinghouse at http: //www. workzonesafety. org/training/ 40

Suggested Traffic Control Plans / Pedestrian Issues 41

Utility Work Zone Temporary Traffic Control Components 42

Temporary Traffic Control Components • Activity Area – work space, traffic space, and buffer space. • Advanced Warning Area – used to provide warning to motorists of an upcoming utility activity. 43

Advance Warning Sign Examples Missing advance warning signs telling which lane is closed No advance warning signs 44

Lane Closure with No Advance Warning Less than 8 feet 45

Distance Between Traffic Signs • Note: 30 mph used to differentiate between high and low speeds due to risks involved 46

Temporary Traffic Control Components • Tapers – gradual transition to direct traffic from normal paths to designated path, must be free of workers, vehicles, equipment, etc. 47

Different Types of Tapers Source: MUTCD Figure 6 C-2 and Table 6 C-3 48

Formulas for Calculating Taper Lengths Source: MUTCD Table 6 C-4 49

Temporary Traffic Control Components • Buffer Space (Optional) – lateral and/or longitudinal area that separates traffic from work space, must be free of workers, vehicles, equipment, etc. 50

Why Use a Buffer Space? • Easy to accommodate into plan • Inexpensive • Improves worker safety • Provides additional space between work zone and motorists 51

Buffer Space Issues Used buffer space but no taper Did not use buffer space 52

Buffer Space Issues No room for buffer space 53

Temporary Traffic Control Components • Termination Area – area used to return to normal path • Traffic Space – portion of highway in which road users are routed through the activity area 54

Temporary Traffic Control Components • Transition Area – area utilized to move motorists from their normal path • Work Space – portion closed to road users – occupied by utility workers, equipment and vehicles. 55

Utility Work Beyond Shoulder WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * ** > 4. 6 m (15 ft) from edge of roadway or > 0. 6 m (2 ft) behind curb where curb and gutter present SHOULDER Direction of Traffic SHOULDER Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 56

Utility Work Beyond Shoulder with Work Vehicle(s) Parked on Shoulder > 4. 6 m (15 ft) from edge of roadway or > 0. 6 m (2 ft) behind curb where curb and gutter present WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER *** Direction of Traffic SHOULDER Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 57

Utility Work on Shoulder (Low Traffic Volume and Low Speed) WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER *** Direction of Traffic SHOULDER Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating Road Type A (Distance Between Signs) Urban ≤ 50 km/h (30 mph) 30 m (100 ft) Urban >50 km/h (30 mph) 100 m (350 ft) Rural 150 m (500 ft) 58

Utility Work Beyond Shoulder with Work Vehicle Parked on Shoulder (High Traffic Volume and/or High Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) Buffer (optional) WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER 3 m (10 ft) minimum ** Lateral Buffer (optional) Edge of Roadway L/3 Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) 59

Utility Work Beyond Shoulder with Work Vehicle(s) Parked on Shoulder (High Traffic Volume and/or High Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) POSSIBLE WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER Lateral Buffer (optional) ** Buffer (optional) L/3 100 m (350 ft) Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic SHOULDER Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 60

Utility Work on Shoulder with no Encroachment on Roadway (High Traffic Volume and High Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) Buffer (optional) WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER 3 m (10 ft) minimum ** Lateral Buffer (optional) Edge of Roadway L/3 Urban-100 m (350 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) Rural. Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating Urban- m (100 ft) Urban-30 Rural-150 m (500 ft) Rural- 61

Utility Work on Shoulder with No Encroachment on Roadway (High Traffic Volume and/or High Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) POSSIBLE WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER Lateral Buffer (optional) ** Buffer (optional) L/3 100 m (350 ft) Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic SHOULDER Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 62

Utility Work on Shoulder with Minor Encroachment (High Traffic Volume and High Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) Buffer (optional) WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER 3 m (10 ft) minimum ** Lateral Buffer (optional) Edge of Roadway L/3 Urban-100 m (350 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) Rural. Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating Urban- m (100 ft) Urban-30 Rural-150 m (500 ft) Rural- 63

Utility Work on Shoulder with Minor Encroachment on Roadway (High Traffic Volume and/or High Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) POSSIBLE WORK SITE SHOULDER Lateral Buffer (optional) WORK VEHICLE * ** Buffer (optional) L/3 100 m (350 ft) Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic SHOULDER Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 64

Utility Work on Shoulder with Minor Encroachment (Low Traffic Volume and Low Speed) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (nominal) Buffer (optional) WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * SHOULDER 3 m (10 ft) minimum ** Lateral Buffer (optional) Edge of Roadway L/3 Urban- m (100 ft) Urban-30 Rural-150 m (500 ft) Rural. Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating Urban- m (100 ft) Urban-30 Rural-150 m (500 ft) Rural- 65

Utility Work on Shoulder with Minor Encroachment or Lane Closure on Two-Lane Road (High Traffic Volume and/or High Speed) AHEAD Buffer (optional) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) WORK SITE SHOULDER WORK VEHICLE * ** Lateral Buffer (optional) 30 m (100 ft) max. Urban: 100 m (350 ft) Rural: 150 m (500 ft) Flagger Direction of Traffic Taller Cone (Typ. ) Flagger Urban: 100 m (350 ft) Rural: 150 m (500 ft) AHEAD Urban: 100 m (350 ft) Rural: 150 m (500 ft) Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating Note: Work activity shown depicts shoulder work with minor encroachment 66

Temporary Road Closure (Temporary Portable Sign, No Right Turn) Direction of Traffic (Temporary Portable Sign, No Left Turn) Police Vehicle with Flashers On (Optional) Type III Barricade (Typ. ) SHOULDER A WORK SITE * Police Officer in uniform regulating traffic SHOULDER ** ** Police Officer in uniform regulating traffic * WORK VEHICLES A AHEAD Police Vehicle with Flashers On (Optional) * Oscillating warning lights or (Temporary Portable Sign, No Right Turn) strobe lights operating (Temporary Portable Sign, No Left Turn) Road Type A (Distance Between Signs) Urban = 50 km/h (30 mph) 30 m (100 ft) Urban >50 km/h (30 mph) 100 m (350 ft) Rural 150 m (500 ft) 67

Right Lane Closure on Near Side of Intersection Direction of Traffic Lateral Buffer (optional) * ** (Optional) Edge of Roadway Buffer (optional) L Taller Cone (Typ. ) A A (Distance Between Signs) Urban = 50 km/h (30 mph) 30 m (100 ft) Urban >50 km/h (30 mph) 100 m (350 ft) Rural 150 m (500 ft) Speed A AHEAD A Road Type L Number of Lanes Closed* (Taper Length) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 1 30 m (100 ft) 2 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) 1 2 90 m (300 ft) 290 m (950 ft) *Assume 12’ lanes * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 68

Left Lane Closure on Near Side of Intersection Direction of Traffic Lateral Buffer (optional) * (Optional) ** Edge of Roadway Road Type Buffer (optional) Urban 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) Urban 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) L Rural Taller Cone (Typ. ) A 150 m (500 ft) L Number of Lanes Closed* (Taper Length) 1 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 2 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h 1 90 m (300 ft) (30 mph) 2 290 m (950 ft) *Assume 12’ lanes Speed A LEFT A A (Distance Between Signs) * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 69

30 m (100 ft) (optional) Lateral Buffer (optional) Right Lane Closure on Far Side of Intersection WORK SITE * (Optional) ** WORK VEHICLE Buffer (optional) A Direction of Traffic A Road Type Urban 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) L Edge of Roadway (Optional) Taller Cone (Typ. ) A (Distance Between Signs) Urban 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) Rural A 150 m (500 ft) L Number of Lanes Closed* (Taper Length) 1 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 2 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h 1 90 m (300 ft) (30 mph) 290 m (950 ft) 2 *Assume 12’ lanes Speed A AHEAD A * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 70

30 m (100 ft) (optional) * Left Lane Closure on Far Side of Intersection Lateral Buffer (optional) (Optional) ** Buffer (optional) A Direction of Traffic A Road Type Edge of Roadway Taller Cone (Typ. ) (Optional) L Urban 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) Urban 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) Rural A A (Distance Between Signs) 150 m (500 ft) L Number of Lanes Closed* (Taper Length) 1 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 2 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h 1 90 m (300 ft) (30 mph) 2 290 m (950 ft) *Assume 12’ lanes Speed LEFT A A * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 71

Edge of Roadway Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) L/2 10’ min L/2 WORK VEHICLE 10’ min Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) * *** Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) Closure in Center of Intersection 10’ min WORK SITE Direction of Traffic L/2 10’ min Taller Cone (Typ. ) L/2 Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) Speed Limit L/2 (Taper Length) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 15 m (50 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) 45 m (150 ft) * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 72

Direction of Traffic A Center Lane Closure on a Multi -Lane Road A L 30 m (100 ft) (optional) Buffer (optional) Lateral Buffer (optional) * * (Optional) *** (Optional) Road Type Buffer (optional) 30 m (100 ft) (optional) L Urban 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) Urban 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) Rural Taller Cone (Typ. ) A Edge of Roadway A A (Distance Between Signs) 150 m (500 ft) L Number of Lanes Closed* (Taper Length) 1 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 2 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h 1 90 m (300 ft) (30 mph) 2 290 m (950 ft) *Assume 12’ lanes Speed * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 73

Lane Closure On Two-Lane Road (Restricted Visibility) A AHEAD A A Lateral Buffer (optional) * *** WORK SITE Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) (Max) WORK VEHICLE 30 m (100 ft) max. Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic Edge of Roadway A AHEAD Road Type A (Distance Between Signs) Urban = 50 km/h (30 mph) 30 m (100 ft) Urban >50 km/h (30 mph) 100 m (350 ft) Rural 150 m (500 ft) * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 74

Lane Closure on Two-Lane Road with Unrestricted Visibility (Low Traffic Volume, Low Speed where Traffic cannot self-regulate without the use of Flaggers) AHEAD Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) Buffer (optional) WORK SITE SHOULDER 30 m (100 ft) max Urban-30 m (100 ft) ” Rural -150 m (500 ft) ” ” WORK VEHICLE * *** Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic Lateral Buffer (optional) “ Urban -30 m (100 ft) “ “ Rural -150 m (500 ft) Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating AHEAD 75

Lane Closure on Two-Lane Road with Unrestricted Visibility (Low Traffic Volume, Low Speed where Traffic can self-regulate without the use of Flaggers) Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) Buffer (optional) WORK SITE SHOULDER 30 m (100 ft) max Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) WORK VEHICLE * *** Taller Cone (Typ. ) Direction of Traffic Lateral Buffer (optional) Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating 76

Utility Work in Center of Road (Low Traffic Volumes) L/2 Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) SHOULDER WORK SITE Direction of Traffic 3 m (10 ft) MIN * * * 3 m (10 ft) MIN WORK VEHICLE Taller Cone (Typ. ) SHOULDER Edge of Roadway Urban-30 m (100 ft) Rural-150 m (500 ft) * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating L/2 Speed Limit L/2 (Taper Length) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 15 m (50 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) 45 m (150 ft) 77

Outside Lane Closure on Multi-Lane Road Downstream Taper 30 m (100 ft) SHOULDER AHEAD Buffer (optional) WORK SITE A A A Taller Cone (Typ. ) WORK VEHICLE * L ** * Direction of Traffic Lateral Buffer (optional) SHOULDER Edge of Roadway Road Type * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating A (Distance Between Signs) Urban 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) Urban 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h (30 mph) Rural 150 m (500 ft) L Number of Lanes Closed* (Taper Length) 1 30 m (100 ft) = 50 km/h (30 mph) 2 100 m (350 ft) >50 km/h 1 90 m (300 ft) (30 mph) 2 290 m (950 ft) *Assume 12’ lanes Speed 78

Tree Cutting/Trimming Shoulder Closure on a Two-Lane Road Downstream Taper*** Longitudinal Buffer Space (optional) WORK SITE WORK VEHICLE * * * SHOULDER L/3** A W Lateral Buffer Space (optional) SHOULDER Edge of Roadway A * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating DISTANCE BETWEEN SIGNS ROAD TYPE DISTANCE ‘A’ BETWEEN SIGNS IN FEET Urban (Low Speed) 100 Urban (High Speed) 350 Rural 500 ** Taper length is L / 3 when there is a shoulder taper. Taper length is L / 2 when there is a shifting taper. Taper length is L when there is a merging taper. ***Optional downstream taper length is 100 feet per lane 79

Tree Cutting/Trimming Lane Closure on a Multi-Lane Road Longitudinal Buffer Space (optional) Downstream Taper*** * L** * * A A A W Lateral Buffer Space (optional) Edge of Roadway * Oscillating warning lights or strobe lights operating DISTANCE BETWEEN SIGNS DISTANCE ‘A’ BETWEEN SIGNS IN FEET ROAD TYPE Urban (Low Speed) 100 Urban (High Speed) 350 Rural 500 ** Taper length is L / 3 when there is a shoulder taper. Taper length is L / 2 when there is a shifting taper. Taper length is L when there is a merging taper. ***Optional downstream taper length is 100 feet per lane 80

Pedestrian Issues • Must identify pedestrian needs • Should not be forced to enter into work zone • Should not be forced to enter into roadway • Pedestrian paths must be maintained 81

Considering Pedestrians “When existing pedestrian facilities are disrupted, closed, or relocated in a TTC zone, the temporary facilities shall be detectable and include accessibility features consistent with the features present in the existing pedestrian facility. ” Source: MUTCD Section 6 D. 02 82

Examples of Improper Pedestrian Traffic Control 83

Examples of Improper Pedestrian Traffic Control 84

Pedestrian Traffic Control Plans • Pedestrian Detour for Sidewalk Closure • Pedestrian Diversion for Sidewalk Closure • Must be ADA Compliant 85

Sidewalk Detour for Pedestrians U 86

Sidewalk Diversion for Pedestrians V 87

15 -Minute Break 88

How do You Select a Proper Traffic Control Plan? 89

Traffic Control Plan Selection • • • Location of utility work Traffic volume of adjacent road Travel speed of vehicles on adjacent road Location of lane closure Roadway type 90

Location of Utility Work • Beyond the shoulder - > 4. 6 m (15 ft) from edge of roadway OR > 0. 6 m (2 ft) beyond curb • On the shoulder • On the roadway Utility Work Beyond Shoulder Utility Work on Roadway 91

Volume and Speed of Adjacent Road • Traffic volume of adjacent road – low volume or high volume • Travel speed of vehicles on adjacent road – low speed ≤ 50 km/hr (30 mph) or high speed >50 km/hr (30 mph) 92

Location of Lane Closure • Mid-Block • Intersection – right lane on near side, left lane on near side, right lane on far side, left lane on far side, center of intersection 93

Roadway Type • Rural vs. Urban • Two-Lane vs. Multi-Lane Closure on Rural Two-Lane Road Lane Closure on Urban Multi-Lane Road 94

Case Study – In-Class Exercises 95

Scenario 1 • • • Sterling Heights, MI 17 Mile Road and Ryan Road Electrical repair work in eastbound right lane Speed Limit = 45 mph High Traffic Volume 96

Scenario 1 97

Scenario 1 Ryan Road 17 Mile Road Speed Limit = 45 mph High Traffic Volume 98

Scenario 2 • • • Detroit, MI Cass Avenue north of Canfield Street Electrical repair work on northbound shoulder Speed Limit = 35 mph Low Traffic Volume 99

Scenario 2 100

Scenario 2 ntis Pre t e Stre ue ven A s s Ca 101

Scenario 1 Solution Ryan Road 17 Mile Road 102

Scenario 2 Solution nue e v s. A Cas 103

“Selection of Utility Work Zone Temporary Traffic Control Plans” Demonstration of Software Program 104

Traffic Control Plan Selection Process 105

Traffic Control Plan Selection Process 106

Traffic Control Plan Selection Process 107

Question & Answer 108

Post-Test 109

Course Evaluation 110