UTICOM SYSTEMS INC Located outside of Philadelphia PA

UTICOM SYSTEMS INC. - Located outside of Philadelphia, PA. - Serving clients throughout North America. - Started in 1987, Uticom has over 20 years of utility graphics experience. 109 Independence Way Coatesville, PA 19320 -1654 Phone: 610 -857 -2655 Fax: 610 -857 -2986 www. uticom. net - Uticom designs, engineers, and manufactures graphics for harsh environments.

Theoretical Ink Deposit WHERE: w = mesh aperture (opening/microns) d = diameter (microns) D = cloth thickness (microns) D 1 = ink thickness (microns) at initial deposit D 2 = ink deposit (microns) after flowout GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

158 mesh 420 mesh

Ink Deposits Uticom uses automotive grade pigmented ink and a technology to create a thick ink deposit. The thicker a quality ink deposit, the longer it takes for the sun to cause fading. Thick ink deposit Thin ink deposit

Current Standards Safety Red Safety Orange Safety Blue Safety Green Safety Yellow

Current Standards Annex C (informative) Previous Formats for Signal Word Panels The following formats for signal word panels were used in earlier editions of this standard and were included as an alternate to the preferred panel format in the 1998 Edition. They are not included in this edition of the standard. Existing signs, in use or already manufactured that use the older format may continue to be used.

Risk Estimation and Signal word Selection Definitions Accident: An incident that results in unintended harm. Harm: Death, injury, or property damage. Hazard: A potential source of harm Incident: an unintentional and undesired event that has the potential to cause harm. Risk: A combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm. Hazardous situation Safety messages provide instructions, explicit or implicit, regarding how to avoid hazardous situations. In order to select the appropriate signal word, risk must be estimated for the particular hazardous situation or situations. Note that, for the purposes of signal word selection, it does not matter why a safety message might not be followed (e. g. , failure to read the message, conscious decision to ignore the message); the hazardous situation associated with a message is the same, regardless of why the message is not followed. When a safety message addresses more than one hazardous situation, the risk associated with each hazardous situation should be estimated. In these cases, the signal word corresponding to the greatest risk level is used. Figure 1 - Model of Events Resulting from a Hazardous Situation The hazardous situation (i. e. , the result of not following a safety message) either results in an accident (i. e. , harm occurs) or in no accident (i. e. , either no incident occurs, or the incident does not result in harm). If an accident occurs, it results in harm. The harm can be classified by severity, from property damage to death or serious injury. Current Standards

Risk Estimation and Signal word Selection Current Standards Severity Signal word selection Classification of severity of harm A signal word is selected according to the risk of harm presented by the hazardous situation that the safety message addresses. That is, signal word selection is based on the risk posed if the safety message is not followed. As shown in the model above, there are three classifications for severity of harm that are used in selecting signal words Death or serious injury: Injury to humans that is more severe than minor or moderate injury. Harm classified as death or serious injury may also include property damage, or moderate or minor injuries that occur as a result of the same event. Serious injuries typically have one or more of the following characteristics: • results in permanent loss of function or significant disfigurement • requires substantial and prolonged medical treatment • involves long perious of disability • involves considerable pain and suffering over long periods of time The risk is determined based on • worst credible severity of harm if an accident occurs • probability of an accident if the hazardous situation occurs (i. e. , if the safety message is not followed) • probability of the worst credible severity of harm occurring Signal Word Selection Matrices The following matrices show the signal words, colors, and presence or absence of a safety alert symbol that are assigned for each combination of accident probability, worst credible harm, and probability of worst credible harm. If Worst Credible Severity of Harm is Death or Serious Injury Worst Credible Severity of Harm A hazardous situation can result in a variety of outcomes, each with varying likelihood. When selecting a signal word, it is necessary to determine the worst credible harm that can result from a hazardous situation. Only outcomes that are credible possibilities should be considered. Once the worst credible human harm has been identified, it should be classified by severity (i. e. , propety damage only, minor or moderate injury, or death or serious injury). This category is the worst credible severity of harm for a particular hazardous situation. Probability of Accident if Hazardous Situation is not Avoided Will Probability of Death or Serious Injury if Accident Occurs Could If Worst Credible Severity of Harm is Moderate or Minor Injury For all probabilities: If Worst Credible Severity of Harm is Property Damage For all probabilities: Could

Risk Estimation and Signal word Selection Signal word selection Process Current Standards

ANSI Z 535. 2– 2007 Environmental & Facility Signs Current Standards 4. 11. 1 DANGER: Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. This signal word is to be limited to the most extreme situations. 4. 11. 3 CAUTION: Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. It may also be used without the safety alert symbol as an alternative to “NOTICE”. 4. 11. 2 WARNING: Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. 4. 11. 4 NOTICE: “NOTICE” is the preferred signal word to address practices not related to personal injury. The saftey alert symbol shall not be used with this signal word. As an alternative to “NOTICE” the word “CAUTION” without the saftey alert symbol may be used to indicate a message not related to personal injury.

ANSI Z 535. 2– 2007 Environmental & Facility Signs Current Standards

ANSI Z 535. 2 – 2007 Environmental & Facility Signs Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

United States Sign Council (USSC) USSC On-Premise Signs/Best Practices Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

United States Sign Council (USSC) USSC On-Premise Signs/Best Practices Standards Area of Sign – Equation/Broad Usage To allow for a broader scientific evaluation of sign size and satisfy the minimal legibility requirements across a full range of reaction times and speed zones, USSC has developed a second equation. This formula fixes the average sign size determinants, leaving only Viewer Reaction Time (VRT) and the speed of travel (MPH) as the sole variables. It can be used to ascertain the general size of signs necessary to adequately and safely convey roadside information to motorists traveling at a given rate of speed as well as to establish size parameters for signs across an entire community and/or road system. Table 5 below provides some examples of the use of the equation. GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS A sign = [(VRT)(MPH)] 2 800 Current Standards MPH VRT Sign Size (seconds) (Square Feet) 1. 5625 4 . 78125 3. 125 4 1. 5625 6. 25 4 3. 125 12. 5 4 6. 25 25 4 12. 5 40 4 32 55 4 60. 5

Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

Current Standards A 5. 3. 1 Stationary, free-standing human figure The symbol for the human figure is modified when the person is depicted in a stationary, free-standing position (viewed from the front or rear).

ANSI Z 535. 3 – 2007 Criteria for Safety Symbols Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

ANSI Z 535. 3 – 2007 Criteria for Safety Symbols Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

ANSI Z 535. 3 – 2007 Criteria for Safety Symbols Current Standards GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS ANSI Approved Pictograms

Mr. Ouch has been replaced.

Substation Fence Sign Spacing GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

Building a Sign / Label “The primary purpose of the ANSI Standard is to provide an effective means of communicating information concerning environmental hazards to the observer, so that injury resulting from the hazard(s) can be avoided. ” A. At what distance do you need the message to be seen? B. Signal Word C. Message panel Left justified, Sans Serif type, 1: 6 to 1: 8 ratios Emergency information: 1) What’s the Hazard? (Hazardous voltage) 2) How to avoid the hazard (Keep away, Keep out) 3) Consequences of not avoiding the hazard (Can/Will shock, burn, or cause death) GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS D. Safety Symbols E. Spacing: 2 x to 3 x viewing distance for substation fences.

ANSI Approved Templates for Substations GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

Substation Bilingual Signs Fence Exterior ANSI does not require different languages.

Substation Bilingual sings – interior structures/equipment ANSI does not require different languages.

Bilingual Padmount Label Exterior ANSI does not require different languages

Current Standards 2. 1 Scope Safety tags shall be used to identify a temporary hazard. They shall be used only until such time as the identified hazard is eliminated or the hazardous operation is completed.

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GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

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GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

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Questions? GRAPHICS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENTS